Health issues of risk populations associated with decay of megacities.

与特大城市衰退相关的风险人群的健康问题。

• 批准号: 12470093
• 负责人: TAKANO Takehito
• 金额: $ 6.85万
• 依托单位: Tokyo Medical and Dental University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12470093/
• 关键词: public health; urban health; healthy cities; homeless; tuberculosis; child abuse; urban policy; geographic information system (GIS); 青少年

1. A model of the association between health levels and various indicators of urban conditions such as health resources, infrastructures, economy, education, and employment was established. The validity of the model of the model for megatities in foreign countries was shown by using age-adjusted mortality and published databases of urban indicators of Shanghai.2. Present illness, past history, drug resistance, complications, and socioeconomic conditions of homeless tuberculosis patients admitted to a hospital in Tokyo were examined. Analysis showed higher fatality, lower compliance, and difficulty of follow-up in the treatment.3. By the use of geographical information system (GIS), risks of respiratory disorders for the elderly in Tokyo in relation to the living in rented wooden houses were examined. .4. Case studies of child abuse were conducted ; the questionnaire formats for a field survey were developed.5' (1) A health survey for randomly sampled population living in a city of Shizuoka prefecture and a ward of Tokyo was conducted to compare the health issues related to stress, food intake and lifestyle-related disease between local cities and megacities.(2) The influence of job-stress and life events to health-related behaviors and health status in middle-aged men was analyzed.(3) The evaluation of a community-leaders program showed the effectiveness of the program to promotion of health related behaviors and improvement of health literacy.6 (1) Community health needs assessment GIS was developed ; it was applied to a secondary medical area in Tokyo.(2) A method to estimate relative excess deaths as a measurement of regional differences in health levels was developed.(3) A study of the association between national financial adjustment and health levels among prefectures showed that the policy helped to reduce disparity in health levels and resulted in relative decline of Tokyo's health level.

1.建立了健康水平与城市条件的各种指标（如卫生资源、基础设施、经济、教育和就业）之间的关联模型。利用上海市年龄调整死亡率和已公布的城市指标数据库，验证了国外特大城市人口模型的有效性.对东京一家医院收治的无家可归的结核病患者的目前病情、既往史、耐药性、并发症和社会经济状况进行了检查。分析显示，治疗中病死率高，依从性低，随访困难.通过使用地理信息系统（GIS），在东京的老年人呼吸系统疾病的风险进行了研究，生活在租用的木制房屋。.4.对虐待儿童的案例进行了研究;制定了实地调查的问卷格式。5 '（1）对居住在静冈县一个城市和东京一个区的随机抽样人口进行了健康调查，以比较地方城市和特大城市之间与压力、食物摄入和生活方式相关疾病有关的健康问题。(2)分析中年男性工作压力和生活事件对健康相关行为和健康状况的影响。(3)对社区领袖计划的评估表明，该计划对促进健康相关行为和提高健康素养是有效的。6（1）开发了社区健康需求评估GIS，并将其应用于东京的二级医疗区。(2)制定了一种方法来估计相对超额死亡，以衡量健康水平的区域差异。(3)一项关于国家财政调整与都道府县健康水平之间关系的研究表明，该政策有助于缩小健康水平的差距，导致东京的健康水平相对下降。

项目成果

金子義博, 高野健人, 中村桂子: "最近隣度による地域保健ニーズの地理的分布の数値的評価"日本公衆衛生雑誌. 48(11). 429 (2001)

Yoshihiro Kaneko、Kento Takano、Keiko Nakamura：“最近邻对当地健康需求地理分布的数值评估”《日本公共卫生杂志》48(11) 429 (2001)。

Fukuda Y, Nakamura K, Takano T: "A Combination of an Extrapolation Method and a Benchmark Method to Develop Quantitative Health Targets for Japan"Health Policy. (in press). (2002)

Fukuda Y、Nakamura K、Takano T：“结合外推法和基准法来制定日本的定量健康目标”卫生政策。

金子善博, 高野健人, 中村桂子, 福田吉治, 渡辺雅史, 他: "保健ニーズの地理的評価 高齢者の健康を支援する都市環境条件"日本衛生学雑誌. 56(1). 222 (2001)

Yoshihiro Kaneko、Kento Takano、Keiko Nakamura、Yoshiharu Fukuda、Masashi Watanabe 等：“健康需求的地理评估：支持老年人健康的城市环境条件”，日本卫生杂志 56(1)。 ）

Kaneko Y: "Variation of health level by small area and its determinants"Japanese Journal of Hygiene. 55(1). 339 (2000)

Kaneko Y：“小区域健康水平的变化及其决定因素”日本卫生杂志。

金子善博, 高野健人, 中村桂子: "小規模事業所の保健ニーズの地理的偏在"日本衛生学雑誌. 57(1). 317 (2002)

Yoshihiro Kaneko、Kento Takano、Keiko Nakamura：“小型企业健康需求的地理分布不均匀”，《日本卫生杂志》57(1) 317 (2002)。