Health issues of risk populations associated with decay of megacities.

1. 建立了健康水平与卫生资源、基础设施、经济、教育和就业等城市条件各项指标之间的关联模型。利用年龄校正死亡率数据和已公布的上海城市指标数据库，验证了该模型在国外特大城市的有效性。对东京一家医院收容的无家可归肺结核患者的现状、既往病史、耐药性、并发症和社会经济状况进行了调查。分析结果显示，该组患者病死率高，依从性低，随访困难。3 .利用地理信息系统（GIS），对东京都老年人的呼吸系统疾病风险与租住木屋的关系进行了调查。进行虐待儿童个案研究；制定了实地调查的调查表格式。(1)对居住在静冈县某市和东京某区随机抽样的人口进行了健康调查，比较了地方城市和特大城市与压力、食物摄入和生活方式相关疾病相关的健康问题。(2)工作压力和生活事件的影响在中年男性健康行为和健康状况进行了分析。(3)对社区领袖计划的评估显示了该计划在促进健康相关行为和提高健康素养方面的有效性(1)开发了社区卫生需求评估GIS；它被应用于东京的一个二级医疗区。(2)提出了一种估算相对超额死亡的方法，以衡量健康水平的区域差异。(3)国家财政调整与县域健康水平的关系研究表明，财政调整有助于缩小县域健康水平差距，导致东京都健康水平相对下降。

1. A model of the association between health levels and various indicators of urban conditions such as health resources, infrastructures, economy, education, and employment was established. The validity of the model of the model for megatities in foreign countries was shown by using age-adjusted mortality and published databases of urban indicators of Shanghai.2. Present illness, past history, drug resistance, complications, and socioeconomic conditions of homeless tuberculosis patients admitted to a hospital in Tokyo were examined. Analysis showed higher fatality, lower compliance, and difficulty of follow-up in the treatment.3. By the use of geographical information system (GIS), risks of respiratory disorders for the elderly in Tokyo in relation to the living in rented wooden houses were examined. .4. Case studies of child abuse were conducted ; the questionnaire formats for a field survey were developed.5' (1) A health survey for randomly sampled population living in a city of Shizuoka prefecture and a ward of Tokyo was conducted to compare the health issues related to stress, food intake and lifestyle-related disease between local cities and megacities.(2) The influence of job-stress and life events to health-related behaviors and health status in middle-aged men was analyzed.(3) The evaluation of a community-leaders program showed the effectiveness of the program to promotion of health related behaviors and improvement of health literacy.6 (1) Community health needs assessment GIS was developed ; it was applied to a secondary medical area in Tokyo.(2) A method to estimate relative excess deaths as a measurement of regional differences in health levels was developed.(3) A study of the association between national financial adjustment and health levels among prefectures showed that the policy helped to reduce disparity in health levels and resulted in relative decline of Tokyo's health level.