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What needed for home health care of the elderly in their residential environment.

居住环境中老年人的家庭保健需要什么。

基本信息

批准号：
63300005
负责人：
TAKANO Takehito
金额：
$ 4.54万
依托单位：
Tokyo Medical and Dental University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63300005/
关键词：
Home health care Residential environment Housing Elderly Urbanization Community medicine Social support Healthy city 住環境老人

项目摘要

The aging of the population in Japan is accelerating markedly. A practical guideline for effective and efficient home health care suitable for Japanese elderly is awaited. The purposes of the present study is to define the desirable housing conditions and environment of residence for Japanese home health care system. We selected research members from medical nursing, architecture, and social welfare fields, because all of these fields are necessary for comprehensive research on this issue. Firstly, we performed a mail interview survey (subjects were 8,000 stratified random sample of urban elderly) to investigate the environmental factors affecting institutionalization. Secondly, we assessed the functions (muscle strength, walking speed, activity of daily living, instrumental activity of daily living, etc.) and environment of residence (housing equipment, arrangement of the rooms, social support networks, family functions, etc.) by visiting interview survey for further evaluation. Third … More ly, we followed up physical function of the disabled elderly after the housing reform. And the lastly, we analyzed social indices and health indices (including age-specific death rate by causes of death by municipalities: source data were approved by Japanese Statistics Bureau) in an overcrowded huge city, Tokyo. Based on each research result , members filly discussed on the problems from the perspective of environment of residence for healthy cities. In conclusion, the following 4 points were clarified as the recommendation. 1. Aid development of suitable equipments for the elderly, not only inside of the house but also in the public space is necessary. 2. For the severely disabled elderly, development of caregivers is essential (housing reform itself less contributed to the improvement of their function). 3. For the moderately disabled elderly, suitable advices for physical exercise and adequate provision for social resources including housing reform are indispensable. 4. Social support network, for efficient home health care works effectively, if the eidsting social resources were utilized flexibly. Less

日本人口老龄化明显加速。等待适合日本老年人的有效且高效的家庭保健实用指南。本研究的目的是确定日本家庭医疗保健系统理想的住房条件和居住环境。我们选择的研究成员来自医疗护理、建筑和社会福利领域，因为所有这些领域都是对这个问题进行全面研究所必需的。首先，我们进行了邮件访谈调查（对象为8000名城镇老年人分层随机样本），调查影响收容的环境因素。其次，通过走访调查的方式对居住功能（肌肉力量、步行速度、日常生活活动能力、日常生活工具活动等）和居住环境（住房设备、房间布置、社会支持网络、家庭功能等）进行进一步评价。第三，对房改后失能老人的身体功能进行跟踪。最后，我们分析了东京这个过度拥挤的大城市的社会指数和健康指数（包括各市政府按死因划分的年龄别死亡率：源数据经日本统计局批准）。委员们根据各项研究成果，从健康城市居住环境的角度对问题进行了充分讨论。综上，明确以下4点建议。 1. 帮助开发适合老年人的设备，不仅在室内，而且在公共空间也是必要的。 2、对于重度失能老人来说，照顾者的发展至关重要（住房改革本身对其功能的改善作用较小）。 3.对于中度残疾老年人来说，适当的体育锻炼建议和住房改革等社会资源的充足保障是必不可少的。 4.社会支持网络，如果灵活利用社会资源，高效的家庭医疗保健就能有效发挥作用。较少的