INTERACTION BETWEEN MEASLES VIRUS AND INNATE IMMUNITY

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To replicate efficiently in the hosts, viruses have evolved various countermeasures to the Interferon (IFN) response. The V protein of measles virus (MV) has been shown to block IFN-alpha/beta signaling. Here, the wild-type IC-B strain of MV was shown to grow comparably in the presence and absence of IFN-alpha, whereas replication of the Edmonston tag strain recovered from cloned DNA was strongly suppressed in its presence. The V protein of the IC-B strain, but not the Edmonston tag strain, blocked IFN-alpha signaling. The V protein of the Edmonston strain from the ATCC also inhibited IFN-alpha signaling. There were three amino acid differences between the V proteins of the Edmonston ATCC and tag strains, and substitutions of both residues at positions 110 and 272 were required for the Edmonston ATCC V protein to lose IFN-antagonist activity. The P protein of the IC-B strain, which shares the N-terminal 231 as residues with the V protein, also inhibited IFN-alpha signaling. Indeed, fragments comprising only those 231 residues of the IC-B and Edmonston ATCC V proteins, but not the Edmonston tag V protein, were able to block IFN-alpha signaling. However, the N-terminal region of the Edmonston tag V protein, when attached to the C-terminal region of the Edmonston ATCC V protein, inhibited IFN-alpha signaling. Taken together, our results indicate that both the N- and C-terminal regions contribute to the IFN-antagonist activity of the MV V protein.