An International Comparison of Education on Citizenship and Civic Morality

随着社会的快速变革、国际化和全球化，世界各地的许多社会都面临着所谓的“新”问题，或迫切需要改革。其中许多改革都涉及公民身份问题。因此，与公民身份有关的教育是全球许多国家的中心问题。本研究比较了日本、韩国、马来西亚、法国、英国、以色列和美国七个国家的公民教育，这些国家在文化、民族构成、宗教等方面存在差异。根据不同的国家，公民身份的含义各不相同。公民教育也与课程改革、试图建立公民社会、民族主义、殖民主义和多元文化教育等各种领域有关。然而，尽管各国情况不同，但仍有共同的线索。确定了四个核心主题，并根据这些主题对各国进行了比较。第一个主题是在民族国家基础不断变化的全球化世界中，对公民教育意义的理论重构。第二个主题与多元文化背景下的公民身份有关。虽然日本经常被认为是世界上最同质化的社会之一（至少思想上是同质化的），但在过去的几十年里，它也经历了文化多样性的阶段（例如，外国工人的流入）。在多元文化背景下定义公民教育是我们这个时代的紧迫问题之一。第三个主题围绕公民身份和国家展开，第四个主题关注私有化和个性化时代的公民身份和公共利益。研究结果于2002年在东京大学组织的一次国际会议上发表，并计划于2003年由东京大学出版社（日语）出版。

With rapid social change, internationalization, and globalization, many societies around the world are faced with what are perceived as "new" issues, or urgent needs for reform. Many of these reforms touch on issues of citizenship. Education relating to citizenship is thus a central issue for many countries around the globe.This study compared education relating to citizenship in seven countries, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Franca, the United Kingdom, Israel, and the United States, which differ in culture, ethnic composition, religion, etc. Depending on the country in question, the meaning of citizenship varied. Citizenship education is also linked to areas as diverse as curriculum reform, attempts to build civic societies, nationalism, colonialism, and multicultural education.Despite the diversity in national contexts, however, common threads were present. Four core themes were identified and countries were compared based on these themes. The first theme pertains to the theoretical reconstruction of the meaning of citizenship education in our globalized world where the basis of nation-states is in flux. The second theme pertains to citizenship in a multicultural context. Though Japan is often considered to be one of the most homogeneous societies (at least homogeneously-minded) in the world, even it has experienced a phase of cultural diversity (e.g., the inflow of foreign workers) in the past few decades. Defining citizenship education in a cultural diverse context is one of the pressing issues of our era. The third theme centered around citizenship and the state, the fourth focused on citizenship and the public good in an age of privatization and individualization.The results were presented in an international conference organized by the University of Tokyo in 2002, and is scheduled to be published from the University of Tokyo Press (in Japanese) in the year 2003.