Cyclooxygenase-2 in development of colorectal neoplasia and effect of cyclooxyhgenase-2 inhbitor on colorectal neoplasia

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1 COX-2protein is induced in the polyp stroma near the intestinal luminal surface in the APC^<Δ716> and stimulate tumor angiogenesis. By immunohistochemical analysis, we showed that majority of COX-2 expressing cells in the intestinal polyps of mice are fibroblasts and endotherial cells. Can Res 2002;62:6846-6849.2 COX-2 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining in 95 colorectal adenomas. Expression was significantly related to grade of dysplasia and tumor size, but multivariate analysis showed COX-2 expression to be independently associated with grade of dysplasia. (Dis Colon Rectum 2003;46:786-792.3 Immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 antigen and COX-2 was performed on 95 colorectal adenomas. The Ki-67 labeling index was significantly higher in the high-COX-2 group than in the low-COX-2 and negative group in adenoma with sever and moderate dysplasia. Ther was no correlation between Ki-67 labeling index and COX-2 expression in mild dysplasia. (Jpn J Clin Oncol 2003;33:631-635.4 A total of 48 T1 colorectal cancers were classified into polypoid or non-polypoid. COX-2 expression was determined immunohistochmically and PCR-RFLP was used to detecte a K-ras mutation. COX-2 expression was significantly higher in polypoid tha in non-polypoid. The K-ras mutation was associated higher levels of COX-2 expression. (Dis Colon Rectum 2004;47: in press)5 A total of 21 patients with familial adenomatous polyposis coli were assigned randomly to receive either 25 mg of rofecoxib or placebo for '9 months. The number and size of the rectal polyps were evaluated by colonoscopy. The number and size of the polyps of patients who had rofecoxib were significantly decreased at 9 months. (Clin Can Res 2003:9:4756-4760)