Facilitation of central nerve regeneration by choroid plexus ependymal cells

1从大鼠第4脑室切取脉络丛<th>，移植于同品系大鼠C2水平脊髓后索内。脉络丛室管膜细胞有脱离基底层的趋势。再生的轴突沿着这种改变的室管膜细胞的表面延伸。通过HRP注射到坐骨神经中的再生轴突的跨神经节标记显示，许多再生轴突延伸通过损伤，而其中一些进一步延伸到宿主组织中。电生理检查显示，实验组在距病灶5 mm处可获得诱发电位，而对照组则无。2体外实验观察脉络丛室管膜细胞对神经突起延伸的影响。共培养的背根神经节神经元比层粘连蛋白涂层上培养的神经元或与星形胶质细胞单层共培养的神经元更广泛地延伸轴突。针对检查的 关于我们 在层粘连蛋白、星形胶质细胞单层和脉络丛室管膜细胞单层上，每个神经元的所有突起的总长度分别为258±14、385±15、565±12μm，3海马神经元培养的结果与上述结果基本一致。这表明脉络丛室管膜细胞对CNS和PNS均具有突起延伸作用。4脉络丛室管膜细胞产生粘附分子如NCAM、N-钙粘蛋白和层粘连蛋白，以及营养因子如NT-4、GDNF、bFGF、IGF-1和IGF-2。5原位杂交显示脉络丛室管膜细胞表达基因如甲状腺素运载蛋白、磷酸二酯酶1α、凝溶胶蛋白、磷脂转运蛋白、载脂蛋白E，将来自GFP转基因小鼠的APT结合盒转运蛋白A8、雄激素诱导的醛还原酶、Na/硫酸盐协同转运蛋白SUT-1和FS 88.6脉络丛室管膜细胞单层培养。将这种培养的室管膜细胞移植到同品系小鼠的损伤脊髓中。1-3周后，5-7%的移植细胞分化为星形胶质细胞。这表明脉络丛室管膜细胞在适当的环境中具有向神经干细胞分化的可能性。少

1 The choroid plexus was excised from the rat 4^<th> ventricle, and grafted into the dorsal funiculus of the spinal cord at C2 level of the same strain rat. The choroid plexus ependymal cells tended to detach from the basal laminae. Regenerating axons extended along the surface of such changed ependymal cells. The transganglionic labeling of regenerating axons by HRP injection into the sciatic nerve showed that numerous regenerating axons extended through the lesion, while a few of them elongated further into the host tissue rostal to the lesion. Electrophysiological examination demonstrated that the evoked potentials were obtained at the 5mm rostal to the lesion in the experiment group, but not in the control group.2 The effect of choroid plexus ependymal cells to the neurite extension was examined in vitro. The cocultured dorsal root ganglion neurons extended neurites more extensively than those cultured on the laminin coat, or those cocultured with the astrocyte monolayers. For exam … More ple, the total length of the all neurites per neuron was 258±14, 385±15, 565±12μm in cultures on laminin coat, on astrocyte monolayers and on choroid plexus ependymal cell monolayers, respectively.3 The almost same results were obtained with the cultures of neurons from hippocampus This shows that the choroid plexus ependymal cells have the neurite extension effect on the both CNS- and PNS-derived neurons.4 The choroid plexus ependymal cells produce adhesion molecules such as NCAM, N-cadherin and laminin, and trophic factors such as NT-4, GDNF, bFGF, IGF-1 and IGF-2.5 In situ hybridization revealed that choroid plexus ependymal cells express the genes such as transthyretin, phosphodiesterase 1α, gelsolin, phospholipid transfer protein, apolipoprotein E, APT- binding cassette transporter A8, androgen-inducible aldehyde reductase, Na/sulfate cotransporter SUT-1, and FS88.6 Choroid plexus ependymal cells from GFP-transgenic mice were cultured in monolayer. Such cultured ependymal cells were grafted into the injured spinal cord of the same strain mice. After 1-3 weeks, 5-7% of the grafted cells differentiated into the astrocytes. This suggests that choroid plexus ependymal cells have the possibility to give rise to the neural stem cells in the appropriate environment. Less