Molecular Epidemiology of Thyroid Diseases around Semiparatinsk, Kazakhstan and Altai region, Russia

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【○!1】 Our first molecular biology study on thyroid carcinogenesis using the samples from Semipalatinsk indicated the necessity of research on clarification of radiation-associated signature genes in human thyroid cancers (Lancet 354 : 1528, 1999). Our preliminary data on urinary iodine measurement has been reported (Endocrine J 50 : 85, 2003), indicating the proper supplementation of iodine around Semipalatinsk.【○!2】 Our joint project on Chernobyl Thyroid Tissue Bank has been smoothly running (Science 289 : 2283, 2000). According to this idea, the establishment of Tissue Bank or Blood Bank has been now tried under the negotiation with domestic and international cooperation.【○!3】 The psychosocial problems in the local residents around radio-contaminated areas have been analyzed (Lancet 356 : 257, 2000). Separately the radiosensitivity of younger children compared to adults has been proved and the dramatic increase of childhood thyroid cancer is mostly likely to the short-lived radianucletids (radiation fallout) from Chernobyl (Lancet 358 : 1965, 2001).【○!4】 Genetic analysis of short statures in the former USSR has indicated the specific Prop 1 gene mutation pattern and given a clue of the epitology of combined pituitary hormone deficiency syndrome (Am J Roentogenol 174 : 555, 2000).【○!5】 Low-dose radiation inducible genes have been clarified using cultured human thyroid cells, among of which is serum-inducible kinase (BBRC 289 : 491, 2001). We have also clarified the characteristics of intracellular signal transduction in human thyroid cells (Oncogene 20 : 989, 2001, J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87 : 3433, 2002, Thyroid 12 : 95, 2002, Thyroid 12 : 435, 2002). Furthermore the large deletion of mitochondrial DNA is proved to be a kind of marker of radiation-associated thyroid carcinogenesis (Cancer Res 62 : 7031-7041, 2002)