Historical Study on Engineering Research and Related Institutions in Japan

本文分析了日本从明治时期到二战后的工程相关机构的发展历程，指出了日本工程及相关机构的基本特征。当然，我们也可以从各个领域中发现自己的特点，比如，工程领域的研究比其他领域早，或者是特殊的社会等等。但作为一个整体，它是按照整体的特点来论述的.首先，我们可以把它的时代划分为两个时期：（1）明治初期至二战初期，（2）二战后。两个时代工学发展的特点各不相同，但为什么日本从第一所工学院成立到1990年的这么长的时间里，工学研究一直是独立发展的重要目标，这一点是值得探讨的。本文通过对日本工学研究的历史回顾，对日本工学研究的发展历程进行了分析，并对日本工学研究的现状进行了总结。 ...更多信息 第一高等工科学校、甲部大学和帝国理工大学的特点。指出日本的工科大学有两种不同的形式或机构，一种是帝国大学，另一种是非帝国大学，后者的发展与德国的技术大学一样，其理论工程教育主要由前者进行。但是，直到现在，日本的研究和技术一直被要求更加独立。另一方面，非帝国学院的工程学院也没有德国理工学院的特色。通过研究，对这两个问题的回答是，帝国学院的”理论“教育或研究的特点不是与“实践”相比较的特点，而是使工业产品规范化的特点。因此，在帝国学院的研究和学习一直处于很高的地位，与机构和它的研究人员，但很少用于进一步发展的工程前沿。少

In this study, the development of Japane Engineering relate Institution from the age ofMeiji Period until after World Warll analysed, One of the main problems relating to this annalys was point out the fundamental characteristics of the Japanese Engineering and relating Institutions. Of course, we can find out its own characteristics in each fields, for example, which engineering fields had earlier than other filed its own reseach special society or so. But as a whole, it is to discuss following the whole characteristic. And firstly we cann distinguish the age into two periods(1)the time from the beginning of the Meiji period to the beginning of the WWll, and (2)the age of after WWll. The characteristics of the development of Engineering in the two ages differs to each other, but it must be asked why so long time, from the time of establishing of the first engineering school, still until 1990, has it been, in Japan, the great target to let stand the engineering rearch on its own.In thi … More s study discussed, the characteristic of the first high engineering school, Kobu-Daigakkou, and Imperial engineering college. It is pointed put the Japanese Engineering college has been two different forms or institutions, one is of Imperia college and the other non Imperia college, The latter has been developed the same way as like the German Technische Hochschue.And the theoretic engineering education had been carried on mainly by the former one. But, the research and technology in Japan had been required more independent until and still now. On the other hand the engineering school of nonimperial college had not the same characteristic as the Germany TH. The answer for these two questions got through the study is that the characteristic of“"theoretical“education or research at the Imperia College was not the one compared to “practice",but the one used to make normalization of industrial products. Therefore the research and study at the Imperia College had been in high position together with the institution and its researcher, but little use for further development in engineering frontier. Less