The translation of legal and administrative texts in Rhinehessen and the Palatinate Region during the Republic of Mainz and the French period

该项目涉及莱茵黑森和巴拉蒂纳地区“美因茨共和国”(1791-1793)和法国时期(1798-1814)期间的法律和行政文本从法语到德语的翻译。这些翻译应从语言学和翻译学的角度进行分析，这是法国大革命时期开始的翻译政策的结果，它与这一时期法国语言政策的总体趋势明显背道而驰，即压迫一切形式的多语主义。这一翻译策略所产生的翻译还没有从语言学和翻译学的角度对法语-德语语言对进行详细的研究。在(法律)史和德语语言学领域有一些研究，但到目前为止，还没有从法语-德语翻译史的角度研究语言、翻译和法律的相互依存关系的研究(申请人在DFG资助的两个项目中对法语-荷兰语和法语-意大利语对进行了研究)。提交的项目旨在弥合这一研究差距的一部分。它侧重于面向广大公众的文本翻译，例如法律(包括法律和法典汇编)、法令和公告。出于实际原因，该项目在地理上仅限于美因茨共和国境内(1792-1793年)和蒙托纳雷/顿纳斯贝格省(1798-1814年)。我们将对帕拉蒂纳地区的兰道镇进行比较。兰道自1680年以来一直处于法国的管理之下，在分析期间属于Bas-Rhein部(北阿尔萨斯)。提交的项目有以下目标：1.在现有的从法文翻译成荷兰文和意大利文的数据库的基础上，建立有关译文的数据库，在前两个由德国联邦政府资助的项目期间实施。2.描述语言翻译问题及其解决方案(从词汇/术语、句法、篇章结构、修辞等层面)。3.分析翻译对德语法律和行政语言发展的作用(包括对比研究前后的语料库)。4.翻译政策的文件编制(分析有关翻译安排的文件)。

This project deals with translations of legal and administrative texts from French into German during the ‘Republic of Mainz’ (1791-1793) and the French period (1798-1814) in Rhinehessen and the Palatinate region. These translations, which shall be analyzed from the perspective of linguistics and translation studies, are the consequence of a translation policy which began during the French Revolution and which contradicts clearly the general tendency of the French linguistic policy of this period, which consisted in the oppression of all forms multilingualism. The translations which result from this translation policy have not yet been studied in detail from the perspective of linguistics and translation studies with regard to the language pair French-German. There are some studies in the fields of (legal) history and German linguistics, but, until now, no studies dealing with the interdependencies of language, translation and law from the perspective of French-German translation history (the applicant carried out studies for the language pairs French-Dutch and French-Italian in the context of two DFG-funded projects). The submitted project aims to close a part of this research gap. It focuses on translations of texts directed to a wide public, e.g. laws (including collections of laws and legal codes), decrees and public announcements. For practical reasons, the project is geographically limited to the territory of the Republic of Mainz (1792-1793) and the Department Mont-Tonnerre / Donnersberg (1798-1814). We will take a comparative look on the town of Landau in the Palatinate region. Landau had been under French administration since 1680 and belonged to the Department Bas-Rhein (Northern Alsace) during the analyzed period. The submitted project has the following goals: 1. Creation of a database of the translations in question on the basis of the existing databases for translations from French into Dutch and Italian, implemented during the two former DFG-funded projects. 2. Description of linguistic translation problems and their solutions (on the following levels: lexicon/terminology, syntax, text structure, rhetoric). 3. Analysis of the role that the translations played for the development of the German language of law and administration (including a comparative look to corpora from before and after the studied period). 4. Documentation of the translation policy (analysis of documents dealing with the organization of translations).