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An occupational health approach to prevent the lifestyle-related diseases based on genetic information.

基于遗传信息预防生活方式相关疾病的职业健康方法。

基本信息

批准号：
13557029
负责人：
SATOH Hiroshi
金额：
$ 8.13万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1.We conducted a questionnaire survey concerning the workers' attitudes toward genetic typing tests for lifestyle-related diseases including obesity, hypertension and diabetes. About 1600 subjects worked at the three factories in Tohoku area participated. Approximately 90% of the subjects replied "they want to know the test results, when the genetic typing was done." Considering the unknown contributions of the gene mutations on the disease above, the subjects were also asked "whether you like to know the genetic information, if the contribution of the genes (gene mutation) is not clearly elucidated." In this question, the proportion of "want to know" decreased to 45%. The implication is considered that these results are due to the difficulties of understanding and/or the fear of knowing the gene types. Thus it is necessary to elucidate the usefulness and validity of genetic information. It is also necessary to argue the rules to disclose or not to disclose the genetic information.2.As an example study on the significance of genetic variant, we investigated effects of beta3-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB3) mutation on fat metabolism. ADRB3 is considered to be a candidate gene of obesity, because it depress fat decomposition in adipose tissue. We examined the fat metabolism in obese subjects with ADRB3 mutation during exercise. It was suggested that ADRB3 mutation is possibly related to fat metabolism during exercise. Therefore, we thought that it would be necessary to assemble an exercise regimen based on individual genetic factors.

1.采用问卷调查的方法，调查了医务人员对肥胖、高血压、糖尿病等生活方式相关疾病基因分型检测的态度。在东北地区的三家工厂工作的约1600名受试者参加了调查。大约90%的受试者回答说：“他们想知道基因分型完成时的测试结果。考虑到上述基因突变对疾病的贡献未知，受试者还被问到“如果基因（基因突变）的贡献没有明确阐明，你是否想知道遗传信息“。“在这一问题中，“想知道”的比例下降到45%。这意味着这些结果被认为是由于理解的困难和/或知道基因类型的恐惧。因此，有必要阐明遗传信息的有用性和有效性。2.以β 3-肾上腺素能受体基因（beta3-adrenergic receptor gene，ADRB 3）突变对脂肪代谢的影响为例，探讨了基因变异的意义。ADRB 3基因抑制脂肪组织中脂肪的分解，被认为是肥胖的候选基因。我们研究了ADRB 3突变的肥胖受试者在运动过程中的脂肪代谢。提示ADRB 3基因突变可能与运动过程中脂肪代谢有关。因此，我们认为有必要根据个体遗传因素制定一个运动方案。