Research on the lubrication mechanism of bacterial flagellar motor and applications to nano machines

在本研究中，我们对细菌鞭毛马达的驱动和润滑机制进行了研究，以期为纳米机器的构建提供新的指导原则。在纳米尺度下，各种物理效应对机械的驱动和润滑机制起着至关重要的作用。到目前为止，我们还不知道构造非机器的指导原则。细菌有鞭毛马达，有时被称为活纳米机器，因为它有马达、轴颈轴承、万向节和螺钉。我们的主要想法是了解细菌鞭毛马达的机制，并利用这些机制来驱动和润滑纳米机器。在最近的一项研究中，我们估计了环的摩擦学参数。利用经典流体动力润滑理论，计算了负载电容。由此产生的负载电容为0.1pN数量级（×10^<-12>N），该值不足以补偿驱动力（0.5pN）。此外，杆与轴节之间的分子间作用力达到10^2pN数量级，远远大于驱动力产生的负载。因此，我们得出结论，必须引入新的润滑机制来解释PL环的行为。我们提出使用扩散双层作为润滑机制的可能候选。我们估计了这种效应产生的负载电容，并证明了这种机制可以获得足够的排斥力。我们利用疏水胶体溶液中被称为稳定性起源的扩散双层效应，建立了新的润滑机制。结果表明，该机构提供了足够的负载电容来补偿轴颈和杆之间的各种力。

In this research, we investigated the driving and lubrication mechanism of bacterial flagellar motor in order to develop new guiding principle of nanomachine construction.In nanoscale, different kind of physical effects has essential role on driving and lubrication mechanism of machines. Until now we do not know the guiding principle to construct nonomachine. Bacterial having flagellar motor sometimes called living nanomachine as it has motor, journal bearing universal joint and screw. Our main idea is to know the mechanism of bacterial flagellar motor and utilizing these mechanisms to the driving and lubrication system of nanomachines.In a recent study, we estimated parameters in the tribology of the PL ring. By using theory of the classical hydrodynamic lubrication, we calculated load capacitance. Resulting load capacitance is order of 0.1pN(×10^<-12>N) and this values is not adequate to compensate driving force (0.5pN) Furthermore, intermolecular force between rod and journal becomes order of 10^2pN that is far bigger than load generated by driving force.Thus, we concluded that new lubrication mechanism must be introduced to explain the behavior of PL ring. We proposed use of diffusive double layer as possible candidate of lubrication mechanism. We estimated the load capacitance generated by this effect and showed the adequate amount of repulsive force can be obtained by this mechanism We formulated new lubrication mechanism using the effects of diffusive double layer that is known as the origin of stability in hydrophobic colloidal solution. It is shown that this mechanism gives enough load capacitance to compensate the various forces between journal and rod.