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Physioengineering approach to the autonomic nervous control of the heart rate fluctuations in developing embryos.

发育胚胎中自主神经控制心率波动的生理工程方法。

基本信息

批准号：
08650471
负责人：
TAZAWA Hiroshi
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Muroran Institute of Tehnology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1.Daily changes (developmental patterns) of embryonic heart rate (HR) of the king quail (mean egg mass=about 6g) were determined during the whole incubation period. Allometric equation of HR in 9 species of the precocial birds including the king quail and ostrich was redulted in HR=440・M^<-0.128> (M=egg mass in g).2.Developmental patterns of embryonic HR in chickens were determined by impedancecardiogrpahy during the first half of incubation without impeding gas exchange through the eggshell. Additionally, the responses of embryonic HR to 10% O_2 and 100% O_2 exposoures were investigated.3.Embryonic HR of chickens was measured continously by acoustocardiography throughout the last half of incubation. In addition to the HR irregularities which began to appear on days 14-16, the HR variability (cyclic oscillation) with period of 0.5-1 hour was found to appear on these days and the magnitude of the oscillation became augmented with embryonic development.4.It was found that appearance and time course of respiratory movements due to lung ventilation of embryos prior to and during internal pipping could be recorded by acoustocardiography. This is the new finding which may contribute to an investigation of ontogenic mechanism of pulmonary gas exchange in avian embryos.5.Using the electrocardiography, we could record the HR fluctuations of chick embryos during internal and external pipping period. It was found that the HR variability and irregularities and their time course were particularly unique in external pipping embryos.6.Autonomic nervous controls of the HR fluctuations during the prenatal development of chick embyos were investigated by dosing intravenously the various autonomic drugs. It was found that the transient deceleration of HR was produced by parasympathetic nervous functions. But, the relation between sympathetic nervous functions and various patterns of HR accleration was not clear and need further investigation.

1.测定王鹌鹑（平均蛋量=约6g）在整个孵化期间胚胎心率（HR）的每日变化（发育模式）。将鹌鹑、鸵鸟等9种早成鸟类的HR异速生长方程简化为HR=440·M^<-0.128>（M=蛋质量，单位为g）。2.在不阻碍蛋壳气体交换的情况下，在孵化前半期通过阻抗心动图测定鸡胚胎HR的发育模式。此外,还研究了胚胎HR对10%O_2和100%O_2暴露的反应。3.在孵化后半程采用心声图连续测量鸡胚胎HR。除了在第14-16天开始出现心率不规则外，还发现这些天出现了周期为0.5-1小时的心率变异性（循环振荡），并且振荡的幅度随着胚胎发育而增强。 4.发现可以通过心声描记术记录内部破洞之前和内部破洞期间由于胚胎肺通气引起的呼吸运动的出现和时间过程。这是一项新发现，可能有助于鸟类胚胎肺气体交换个体发生机制的研究。5.利用心电图技术，我们可以记录鸡胚胎内外破皮期间的心率波动。结果发现，HR变异性和不规则性及其时间进程在体外脱皮胚胎中尤为独特。6.通过静脉注射各种自主神经药物，研究了鸡胚胎产前发育过程中自主神经对HR波动的控制。研究发现心率的短暂减速是由副交感神经功能产生的。但是，交感神经功能与各种心率加速模式之间的关系尚不清楚，需要进一步研究。