Maintenance and Function of Barley Shoot Meristems

大麦芽分生组织的维持和功能

• 批准号: 468006199
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Rüdiger Simon
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut Entwicklungsgenetik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/468006199?language=en
• 关键词: Maintenance; Function; Barley; Shoot; Meristems

Establishment, maintenance and termination of plant shoot meristems has been extensively studied in eudicots such as Arabidopsis, and gene regulatory networks that adjust the activities of these complex stem cell niches during changing growth periods have been elucidated. The architecture of grass and their complex inflorescences is very distinct, and relies upon diversified meristems whose regulation and functions have not yet been elucidated. Studies in maize and rice previously showed that some of the key signalling pathways and transcription factor networks which were found to control Arabidopsis meristem development are only partially conserved in grasses. Despite their enormous importance for a more fundamental conceptual understanding of plant stem cell systems, cereal stem cell systems still represent an underexplored territory. We have started to investigate barley meristem and stem cell regulation using our knowledge on Arabidopsis signalling pathways as a starting point. We found that a CLAVATA-like signalling pathway operates also in barley, and controls the proliferation of different meristems in the barley inflorescence. We used a targeted mutagenesis strategy to generate mutants for multiple receptor kinases that act in stem cell regulation, and started to study their expression patterns. Our preliminary data indicate that conserved peptide activated receptor kinase signalling pathways control growth and differentiation in the diverse barley meristems, but that their regulation, expression patterns and their integration into plant development is very distinct and specialised for grasses. We propose here to explore the functions of CLE peptide and CLAVATA-family receptor signalling in barley stem cell systems using induced mutations and expression studies, and generate single cell RNA sequencing information for the different above-ground meristem types to identify their characteristic gene expression profiles. By integrating our results with those of our consortium partners that are working on closely related aspects of stem cell regulation in barley, maize and Brachypodium, we will jointly develop a deeper understanding of stem cell systems of cereal plants.

植物芽分生组织的建立、维持和终止在拟南芥等植物中得到了广泛的研究，并阐明了在生长期变化中调节这些复杂干细胞生态位活动的基因调控网络。禾本科植物的结构及其复杂的花序非常独特，依赖于多种分生组织，其调控和功能尚不清楚。先前对玉米和水稻的研究表明，一些控制拟南芥分生组织发育的关键信号通路和转录因子网络在禾草中仅部分保守。尽管谷物干细胞系统对植物干细胞系统的更基本的概念理解具有巨大的重要性，但它们仍然是一个未被充分探索的领域。我们已经开始研究大麦分生组织和干细胞调控利用我们的知识对拟南芥信号通路为起点。我们发现类似clavata的信号通路也在大麦中起作用，并控制大麦花序中不同分生组织的增殖。我们使用靶向诱变策略来产生多种受体激酶的突变体，这些受体激酶在干细胞调控中起作用，并开始研究它们的表达模式。我们的初步数据表明，保守的肽激活受体激酶信号通路控制着大麦不同分生组织的生长和分化，但它们的调控、表达模式及其在植物发育中的整合是非常独特的，并且专门用于草类。我们建议通过诱导突变和表达研究来探索CLE肽和clavata家族受体信号在大麦干细胞系统中的功能，并生成不同地上分生组织类型的单细胞RNA测序信息，以确定其特征基因表达谱。通过将我们的研究成果与我们的合作伙伴在大麦、玉米和短柄茅中密切相关的干细胞调控方面的研究成果相结合，我们将共同对谷类植物的干细胞系统有更深入的了解。