权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

A Study of Legal Historical and Ideological Factors of Laws for Oppressing the Jews in Nazi Germany

纳粹德国压迫犹太人法律的法律历史与思想因素研究

基本信息

批准号：
16530009
负责人：
SANO Makoto
金额：
$ 1.15万
依托单位：
Nara University of Education
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is to examine the historical and ideological factors of laws for oppressing the Jews, particularly Nuremberg Laws (the Reich Flag Act, the Reich Citizenship Law, Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor) of 1935 in Nazi Germany. The approximate contents of this study are as given below.1.We examined thoroughly the conceptual problems of Nuremberg Laws by referring to their enforcement ordinances and commentaries. As the result of this examination, we acquired a new knowledge on the definitions of "a subject of the State", "a citizen of the Reich" and "Jews". The Reich Citizenship Law distinguishes "a subject of the State" and "a citizen of the Reich", and Jews do not belong to "a citizen of the Reich". This idea results from "the 25 point Programme of the NSDAP"of 1920. The Reich Citizenship Law and "the Programme of the NSDAP" define "Jews" from the point of view of the race and the religion, but this definition has no scientific evidences and scientific proof. Namely in the Reich Citizenship Law all Judaists are regarded as Jews. In other words, Jews mean Judaists2.We examined the various factors of anti-Semitism by referring to views of Georg Jellinek ("The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of Citizens"), Max Weber ("Ancient Judaism") and Carl Schmitt("Verfassungslehre"). As the result of this examination, the conceptual and historical relationships and differences between "a citizen of the Reich", "citizenship", "human rights" and "fundamental rights" became clear. It is noteworthy that the historical changes of these legal concepts have influence on rights and freedoms of the Jews.

本研究的目的是研究1935年纳粹德国纽伦堡法（《帝国国旗法》、《帝国公民权法》、《保护德国血统和德国荣誉法》）中压迫犹太人的法律的历史和意识形态因素。本研究的大致内容如下：1。我们通过参考纽伦堡法的执行条例和评注，彻底地研究了纽伦堡法的概念问题。这次考试的结果是，我们对“国家主体”、“帝国公民”和“犹太人”的定义有了新的认识。《帝国公民法》区分了“国家的臣民”和“帝国的公民”，犹太人不属于“帝国的公民”。这一思想源于1920年的“纳粹党25点纲领”。《帝国公民权法》和《纳粹党纲领》从种族和宗教的角度对“犹太人”进行了界定，但这种界定缺乏科学依据和科学依据。也就是说，在帝国公民权法中，所有的犹太人都被视为犹太人。换句话说，犹太人就是指犹太教徒。我们通过参考乔治·耶利内克（《人权和公民权宣言》）、马克斯·韦伯（《古代犹太教》）和卡尔·施密特（《Verfassungslehre》）的观点，考察了反犹太主义的各种因素。经过这一审查，“德意志公民”、“公民权”、“人权”和“基本权利”之间的概念和历史关系和区别变得清晰起来。值得注意的是，这些法律概念的历史变迁对犹太人的权利和自由产生了影响。