Ultrasound therapy for soft tissue sarcoma with new quinolone antibiotics as a sonodynamic compound

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To determine if there is any synergistic antitumor effect of ultrasound (US) in the presence of new quinolone (NQ) antibiotics, 0.2 mM solution of lomefloxacin hydrochloride (LFLX), sparfloxacin (SPFX), ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CPFX), and gatifloxacin hydrate (GFLX) were used as sonodynamic compound against sarcoma 180 cells in vitro. After US irradiation at 2 W/cm^2 for 30 and 60 seconds, the survival rates of tumor cells in NQ antibiotics added groups were significantly lower than those without (P<0.001). In May-Giemsa smear, most of tumor cells were maintained intact in control group. However, in 0.2 mM SPFX added group, the tumor cells were mostly broken into pieces. The synergistic antitumor effects of SPFX were also dose-dependent. Furthermore, when D-mannitol was used with SPFX, the survival rate of tumor cells after irradiation was comparable with that when SPFX alone was applied, but when L-histidine was used concurrently, the survival rate of tumor cells was significantly higher than that when SPFX alone was applied. These findings suggest that NQ antibiotics would be useful compounds for antitumor activities under US irradiation, and generation of singlet oxygen was involved in the in cell damage process.