Instantaneous 2-D data processing system

通过在芯片上集成成像仪和并行处理元件，研究了可与生物视觉系统相媲美的图像数据瞬时处理/响应系统的实现方法。取得了以下成果。【视觉反馈控制系统】为了实现瞬时视觉处理和控制，我们设计了一种集成光电探测器和数字通用处理元件的芯片。16 × 16像素和处理元件集成在5mm × 5mm芯片上，工作频率为100MHz/600mW。为了成功演示基于所开发的视觉芯片的视觉反馈系统，还实现了一种用于视觉芯片的控制器及其编程系统。【数据压缩的高质量成像仪】为了同时实现高质量成像仪和抑制数据带宽，我们成功地将图像处理功能集成到成像仪中。在芯片上连续监控像素强度的变化，从而只对需要更新的像素产生最小的输出图像数据。实现了一个128 × 128的成像仪来演示该性能。我们还实现了一个64 × 64可变特殊分辨率成像仪，它可以根据目标物体自适应地改变其分辨率。它与生物视网膜有相似之处。[运动物体跟踪系统]为了对运动物体的运动矢量进行瞬时检测，我们开发了一种利用物体的二值图像/二值轮廓的分层块访问成像仪。该传感器可以一次访问一定体积的像素，从而通过比较芯片上连续的图像帧来检测物体的运动方向。【自适应视觉】为了模拟生物视觉系统的适应性，我们设计了一种具有空间导数计算和平滑能力的一维人工硅视网膜。它还具有在实时操作中捕捉边缘位置的能力。我们研究了实现高性能成像仪所需的小于0.1um特征尺寸的缩放器件特性，并考虑了定量量子效应。此外，我们还成功开发了采用晶圆堆叠法的三维器件集成技术。可实现图像处理电路等三维集成。少

By means of integration of an imager and parallel processing elements on a chip, we have studied on realization methods of instantaneous processing/response system of image data that is comparable to a biological vision system. The following results have been achieved.[Visual feedback control system] For the instantaneous visual processing and control, we have designed a chip integrating photo detectors and digital general purpose processing elements. 16 x 16 pixels with processing elements has been integrated on a 5mm x 5mm chip, that operates 100MHz/600mW. A controller for the vision chip and its programming system has also implemented for successful demonstration of the visual feedback system based on the developed vision chip.[High quality imager with data compression] For simultaneous realization of high quality imager and suppression of data bandwidth, we have successfully integrated image-processing functions into an imager. The pixel intensity variation is continuously monitore … More d on the chip, so as to generate minimal output image data only for pixels that need to update. A 128 x 128 imager has been realized to demonstrate the performance. We have also realized a 64x 64 variable special resolution imager, which adaptively changes its resolution depending on target objects. It has a similarity to that of the biological retina.[Tracking system of moving objects] For instantaneous detection of motion vectors of moving objects, we have developed a hierarchical block access imager utilizing the binary image/binary outline of objects. This sensor can access a volume of pixels at a time, so as to detect moving directions of objects comparing the successive image frames on a chip.[Adaptive vision] For simulating the adaptability of biological vision system, we have designed a 1-D artificial silicon retina that has capabilities of spatial derivative calculation and smoothing. It has also a capability to catch edge places in real time operation.[3D-scaled device integration] We have studied on scaled device characteristics less than 0.1um feature size requested for implementing high performance imager, accounting quantitative quantum effects. Also we have successfully developed 3-D device integration technologies by means of a wafer stacking method. It can realize 3D-integration such as imager-on-processing circuits. Less