Qatna Studien 12: Heike Dohmann – Sarah Lange-Weber – Peter Pfälzner –Susanne Degenhardt, Tomb VII at Qaṭna – Features, contexts, chronology

Qaṭna studen系列旨在使专家们能够获得Qaṭna上德国-叙利亚发掘的最终出版物。第十二卷包含了在Qaṭna皇宫下的一个未被掠夺的内室墓七号墓的发现。其中至少有133人的遗骨和1067个小发现，它包含了一个非常大的库存。根据该系列的概念，本卷呈现并解释了特征和发现组合，而对单个发现的比较类型评估保留给其他卷。该卷由952页的文本卷和一个板块卷组成，其中以平面图和概览照片的形式展示了每个区域和每个站点的所有特征。在文本卷中，墓室的总体发现是在考古和人类学的综合研究中提出的。骨骼发现的人类学研究由Susanne Degenhardt完成，特征和发现关联的考古学展示由Heike Dohmann， Sarah Lange-Weber和Giulia Baccelli完成。进一步的贡献来自Peter Pfälzner，他详细描述了古墓七的位置、空间安排和年代。其他作者对墓七的各种材料进行了额外的科学研究。这包括动物骨骼、植物遗骸和木炭、纺织品遗骸和其他微观考古分析。此外，它还介绍了对人类骨骼材料的进一步调查结果，例如疾病检测以及同位素检查和人类DNA分析。由Peter Pfälzner和Sarah Lange-Weber撰写的论文集中于对这一不寻常背景的解释。作者描述了二次埋葬实践的模式，特别是在七号墓中可以发现的复葬形式。他们解释了这些重新埋葬是如何发生的，用什么样的容器来转移骨头和坟墓物品，以及根据什么原则，骨盒里装满了大量不同个体的骨头。这些重新安置的二次墓葬与固定的二次墓葬形成鲜明对比，后者源于墓七的早期使用。对两种类型的二次埋葬分析了与坟墓物品有关的做法。通过这种方式，以前没有以这种形式记录的古代叙利亚的各种丧葬习俗变得可见。这使得该卷对古代近东的丧葬考古学做出了重要贡献。

The series Qaṭna Studien aims to make the final publications of the German-Syrian excavations in Qaṭna available to experts. The twelfth volume contains the findings of Tomb VII, an un-looted chamber tomb under the Royal Palace of Qaṭna. With the bone remains of minimally 133 human individuals and 1067 small finds, it contained an extraordinarily large inventory. Following the concept of the series, this volume presents and interprets the features and find assemblages, while the comparative-typological evaluation of the individual finds is reserved for other volumes.The volume consists of a text volume of 952 pages and a plate volume, which presents all the features per area and per site both in a plan drawing and in an overview photograph. In the text volume, the overall findings of the burial chamber are presented in a combined archaeological and anthropological study. The anthropological study of the bone finds is by Susanne Degenhardt, the archaeological presentation of the features and find associations is by Heike Dohmann, Sarah Lange-Weber and Giulia Baccelli. Further contributions come from Peter Pfälzner, who describes in detail the location, spatial arrangement and chronology of Tomb VII. Other authors contribute additional scientific research on various materials from Tomb VII. This includes animal bones, plant remains and charcoal, textile remains and other microarchaeological analyses. Additionally, it presents the results of further investigations on the human bone material, such as the detection of diseases as well as isotope examinations and the analysis of human DNA. The synthesis written by Peter Pfälzner and Sarah Lange-Weber focuses on the interpretation of this unusual context.The authors describe the modes of secondary burial practices - especially in the form of reburials - detectable in Tomb VII. They explain how these reburials took place, what kind of containers were used for the transfer of bones and grave goods, and according to which principles the bone boxes were filled with a large number of bones of different individuals. These relocated secondary burials are contrasted with the stationary secondary burials, which derive from an earlier period of use of Tomb VII. The practices related to grave goods are analysed for both types of secondary burials. In this way, various funerary practices of ancient Syria, which have not been documented in this form before, become visible. This makes the volume an essential contribution to the funerary archaeology of the Ancient Near East.