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Photonic Integrated Circuits for High Speed Photonic Networks-Challenges for Large Scale Photonic Integration-

用于高速光子网络的光子集成电路-大规模光子集成的挑战-

基本信息

批准号：
14GS0212
负责人：
KOYAMA Fumio
金额：
$ 355.85万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Creative Scientific Research
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14GS0212/
关键词：
Semiconductor lasers Surface emitting lasers Wavelength division multiplexing Optical communications Laser array Photonic integrated circuits Ring resonator Optical Waveguide

项目摘要

A large scale photonic integrated circuit (Photonic IC) is a key device for use in future ultrahigh capacity photonic networks including metro-area networks, high speed photonic LANs and optical interconnects. The purpose of this project is to establish the device science and technology on massively integrated photonic devices including multiple wavelength laser arrays, ultra-compact microring resonators and so on.We realized 100 channel multi-wavelength VCSEL arrays emitting in 1100nm wavelength band. We also proposed and demonstrated an "athermal VCSEL" with avoiding temperature controllers for uncooled WDM applications. The temperature dependence of the lasing wavelength of VCSELs could be reduced by a factor of 50 with a novel thermally-actuated membrane mirror. We achieved athermal and tunable operations for the first time based on this concept.In addition, new functions on VCSELs for optical signal processing are realized. We demonstrated an optical nonlinear phase shifter based … More on a VCSEL saturable absorber. A large nonlinear phase shift could be observed in both modeling and experiments. The proposed device would be useful for mitigating fiber nonlinearities in optical domain and for optically manipulating the phase of light. Slow light can be obtained in Bragg reflector waveguides with their large waveguide dispersion. The basic structure is the same as that used in VCSELs. We demonstrated a slow light modulator with a Bragg waveguide, which shows a possibility of low modulation voltage even for ultra-compact waveguide modulators. Our recent work exhibited a possibility of ultra-compact optical waveguide switches with slowing light.We also demonstrated a tunable hollow optical waveguide with a variable air core toward a new class of photonic integrated circuits. We presented various unique features in hollow waveguides and thecombinationwith microelectro-mechanical system (MEMS) will gives us widely tunable waveguide devices. The result shows a possibility of a large change of over 10% in propagation constant with a variable air core. We exhibited a wide variety of device applications based on hollow waveguides, which include tunable Bragg reflectors, tunable dispersion compensators and tunable lasers. The device structure can be formed by fully planar fabrication processes based on lithography and etching. The proposed concept may open up a new class of various tunable optical devices, which give us unique features of wide tunability, compact size and temperature insensitivity.Utilizing high index contrast optical waveguides, ultra-compact optical devices such as waveguide branch, Mach-Zehnder interferometer, arrayed waveguide grating filter, microring resonator filter, and so on could be realized. We have proposed and demonstrated a vertically coupled microring resonator as an Add/Drop filter, and a hitless wavelength channel selective switch using Thermo-Optic effect of double series coupled dielectric microring resonator. The tuning range of wavelength selective switch was expanded to over 10nm using the Vernier effect, and a large extinction ratio of more than 20dB was realized. Less

大规模光子集成电路（photonic IC）是未来超高容量光子网络（包括城域网、高速光子局域网和光互连）的关键器件。本项目旨在建立包括多波长激光阵列、超紧凑微环谐振器等大规模集成光子器件的器件科学与技术。我们实现了在1100nm波段发射的100通道多波长VCSEL阵列。我们还提出并演示了一种“无热VCSEL”，避免了非冷却WDM应用的温度控制器。采用新型热致动膜反射镜后，激光波长对温度的依赖性降低了50倍。基于这一概念，我们首次实现了非热和可调操作。此外，还实现了vcsel光信号处理的新功能。我们展示了一种基于VCSEL饱和吸收器的光学非线性移相器。在模拟和实验中均观察到较大的非线性相移。所提出的装置将有助于减轻光纤的非线性光域和光学操纵光的相位。由于布拉格反射波导色散较大，可以在反射波导中获得慢光。基本结构与VCSELs中使用的结构相同。我们演示了一种带布拉格波导的慢光调制器，这表明即使对于超紧凑的波导调制器，也有可能实现低调制电压。我们最近的工作展示了具有慢速光的超紧凑光波导开关的可能性。我们还展示了一种具有可变空芯的可调谐空心光波导，用于新型光子集成电路。我们介绍了空心波导的各种独特特性，并将其与微机电系统（MEMS）相结合，将为我们提供可广泛调谐的波导器件。结果表明，在空气芯变的情况下，传播常数有可能发生10%以上的大变化。我们展示了基于空心波导的各种器件应用，包括可调谐布拉格反射器，可调谐色散补偿器和可调谐激光器。该器件结构可以通过基于光刻和蚀刻的全平面制造工艺形成。所提出的概念可能会打开一类新的各种可调谐光学器件，它给我们提供了宽可调谐，紧凑的尺寸和温度不敏感的独特特点。利用高折射率反差光波导，可以实现波导分支、马赫-曾德尔干涉仪、阵列波导光栅滤波器、微环谐振器滤波器等超紧凑光学器件。我们提出并演示了一种垂直耦合微环谐振器作为加/降滤波器，以及一种利用双串联耦合介质微环谐振器的热光效应的非命中波长通道选择开关。利用游标效应将波长选择开关的调谐范围扩展到10nm以上，实现了20dB以上的大消光比。少