Role of Political Elites in the Policy Process

研究结果可以总结如下：第一年，我们对高级公务员的社会背景、对环境变化的看法、对日本政治制度的看法、与政治家和压力集团的关系进行了调查研究。与10年前之前的数据研究结果相比，结果如下。首先，官僚的社会经济背景在过去十年中没有改变。其次，他们对重要政策问题的看法发生了巨大变化。例如，国际问题被认为是极其重要的。第三，他们与政治家的关系也被认为在相当程度上发生了变化。第二年，我们对议员进行了一项调查研究，对高级公务员使用了几乎相同的问卷。我们已经有了一些发现。例如，我们可以说他们作为政策制定者的自信心增强了。然而，我们仍在分析过程中。从第二年的研究中获得的信息中我们可以得出什么结论还有待观察。

The research results could be summarized as follow. In the first year we conducted a survey resarch on higher civil servants in terms of social back-grounds their perceptions of environmental changes, their opinions of Japanese political system, and their relationships with politicians and pressure group s. Findings compared to the research results of the previous data of 10 years ago are as follow. First, socio-economic backgrounds of the bureaucrats have not changed in the past ten years. Second, Their perceptions of the important policy problems have dramatically changed. For instance, problems of international nature are perceived as extremely important. Third, their relationship with politicians are also perceived to be changed to a considerable extent. In the second year we conducted a survey research on parliamentalians using almost the sasme questionaire for the higher civil servants. We already have some findings. For instance, we can say that their self confidence as policy maker has increased. However, we are still in orocess of analysis. What we can conclude from the information obtained in the reearch of the second year remain to be seen.