Capacity-Building and Development in Developing Countries

该项目旨在促进发展中国家地方政府领域的能力建设，我们对此提出了两点看法。首先，权力下放是政府和进步领袖都很好地接受的问题。除了过去占主导地位的国家(或宗主国)，工业化国家、世界银行或亚洲开发银行等捐助者目前在改革这些国家的政府系统方面具有影响力：虽然我们项目的重点是地方政府系统，但我们特别关注民事登记系统，该系统一直被捐助者忽视，对它的研究很少。大多数发展中国家的人民，特别是非洲国家的人民，在其国家实现独立后的最初阶段反对拥有登记制度本身。这种态度来自于他们对…的记忆和经历更多的是在殖民时期。然而，逐渐地，人们开始接受民事登记的想法。在当今世界走向福利国家的趋势下，户籍(在政府)的性质发生了变化。注册系统现在被认为是有用的。然而，为了提供福利服务，很难建立组织良好的民事登记制度并保持它。我们已经向日本国际协力事业团(JICA)提交了我们的建议，即在发展中国家引入民事登记制度，希望该建议被采纳为他们的支持项目之一。我们不知道他们决定的结果，但日本国际协力事业团对我们的提议表示了兴趣。他们甚至建议我们将我们的试验扩大到税收制度和其他行政程序，以改善发展中国家的治理和能力建设。具有更广泛影响的项目将是我们的下一个项目，比如引入在日本中央与地方关系中运作的机构授权或赠款制度。较少

This project purports to contribute to the capacity building in the area of local government in developing countries, We have made two observations on this subject. First, decentralization has been a well accepted issue by both the government and progressive leaders. In addition to, the dominating countries(or suzerain) in the past, the donors such as industrialized countries, the World Bank or the Asian Development Bank are currently influential in reforming the governmentalsystems in these countries :While the thrust of our project is directed to the system of local government as a whole, we have paid our special attention to the civil registration system, which has been neglected by donors and on which there have been very few studies. People in most of the developing countries, especially those in Africa, were averse to having the registration system itself at the initial stage after their countries' achieving independence. This attitude came from their memories of and experiences … More in the colonial period. Gradually, however, people came to accept the idea of civil registration. In today's worldwide trend toward the welfare state, the nature of the residents' registration (in government) has changed. The registration system is now accepted useful. However, for the purpose of delivering the welfare serrices it is difficult to establish well-organized systems of civil gistrat ion and maintain it.We have submitted our proposal that the civil registration system should be introduced in the developing countries to the Japan International Cooperation Agency(JICA), hoping the proposal to be adopted as one of their support projects. We do not know the result of their decision, but JICA has shown interest in our proposal. They even suggested that we should extend our trial to the tax collection system and other administrative procedures for the purpose of improving governance and capacity-building in the developing countries. The projects with broader implications, like introducing the agency delegation or grant system operated in Japanese central-local relationship would be our next project. Less