Study on Quantification of Power Frequency Electric Field Coupling to Human Body.

众所周知，人体暴露在工频电场中时产生的电流取决于其接地阻抗和表面的不规则性。由于这些电流可能会对健康产生影响，世界卫生组织(WHO)已经讨论了电场对人体的长期影响。这项研究的目的是量化电场耦合到人体内诱导的微电流。实验采用间距为1米的平行板电极。在10KV/m的均匀电场中测量了人体模型的感应电流，并用电荷模拟法和有限元方法分析了脑内的比例因子和感应电流密度。结论如下：1.实验是在强电场条件下进行的。在这种情况下，利用光纤和微开关电路可以准确地测量感应电流。实验定量了头部、胸部、腰部等部位的感应电流密度。在确定实验动物的比例系数时，这些值很重要。利用电荷法和有限元方法对标度因子进行了基本考虑。通过考虑头皮、头骨和脑脊髓层的阻抗，从理论上量化了大脑内的感应电流密度。研究发现，脑脊层的电导率很低，大脑被静电屏蔽。头骨的阻抗将是一个决定因素；因此，它的阻抗应该更准确地表达出来。

It is well-known that the currents are induced in human body exposed to power frequency electric fields, depending on its grounding impedance and the irregularity of its surface. Since such currents may induce the health effects, the long-term electric field effects on humans have been discussed by the World Health Organization (WHO).This research has been conducted in order to quantify the micro-currents induced in human body to which the electric fields couple. The experiments were performed using the parallel-plate electrodes whose separation was one meter. The induced currents in human model were measured in a uniform field of 10 kV/m. Also analysed were the scaling factors and induced current densities inside the brain using the charge simulation method and finite element method. The followings have been concluded.1. The experiments were performed in a strong electric field condition. The induced currents could be accurately measured in such a condition using the fiber-optics and the micro-switch circuits.2. The induced current densities at head, chest, waist and so on were experimentally quantified. Those values are important when the scaling factors for experimental animals are determined. The basic considerations into the scaling factors were taken using the charge simulation method and the finite element method.3. The induced current density inside the brain was theoretically quantified by taking into consideration the impedances of the scalp, skull, and cerebrospinal layer. It is found that the conductivity of the cerebrospinal layer is so low that the brain is electrostatically shielded. The skull's impedance would be a determining factor ; therefore, its impedance should be made clear more accurately.