Study on Quantification of Power Frequency Electric Field Coupling to Human Body.

人体在工频电场中会感应出电流，这取决于人体的接地阻抗和人体表面的不规则性。由于这些电流可能会对健康产生影响，世界卫生组织（WHO）已讨论了电场对人体的长期影响，进行了这项研究，以量化电场耦合到人体中感应的微电流。实验使用间距为1米的平行板电极进行。在10 kV/m的均匀磁场中测量人体模型中的感应电流。用电荷模拟法和有限元法分析了脑内的标度因子和感应电流密度。研究结论如下：1.实验是在强电场条件下进行的。在这种情况下，利用光纤和微动开关电路可以准确地测量感应电流.对头部、胸部、腰部等部位的感应电流密度进行了实验量化。在确定实验动物的比例因子时，这些值很重要。采用模拟装药法和有限元法对比例因子进行了基本考虑.通过考虑头皮、颅骨和脑脊髓层的阻抗，在理论上量化了脑内的感应电流密度。研究发现，脑脊髓层的导电性非常低，以至于大脑被静电屏蔽。头骨的阻抗将是一个决定性因素;因此，其阻抗应更准确地明确。

It is well-known that the currents are induced in human body exposed to power frequency electric fields, depending on its grounding impedance and the irregularity of its surface. Since such currents may induce the health effects, the long-term electric field effects on humans have been discussed by the World Health Organization (WHO).This research has been conducted in order to quantify the micro-currents induced in human body to which the electric fields couple. The experiments were performed using the parallel-plate electrodes whose separation was one meter. The induced currents in human model were measured in a uniform field of 10 kV/m. Also analysed were the scaling factors and induced current densities inside the brain using the charge simulation method and finite element method. The followings have been concluded.1. The experiments were performed in a strong electric field condition. The induced currents could be accurately measured in such a condition using the fiber-optics and the micro-switch circuits.2. The induced current densities at head, chest, waist and so on were experimentally quantified. Those values are important when the scaling factors for experimental animals are determined. The basic considerations into the scaling factors were taken using the charge simulation method and the finite element method.3. The induced current density inside the brain was theoretically quantified by taking into consideration the impedances of the scalp, skull, and cerebrospinal layer. It is found that the conductivity of the cerebrospinal layer is so low that the brain is electrostatically shielded. The skull's impedance would be a determining factor ; therefore, its impedance should be made clear more accurately.