Study on Quantification of Power Frequency Electric Field Coupling to Human Body.

众所周知，人体在工频电场作用下产生的电流取决于其接地阻抗和表面的不规则性。由于这种电流可能引起健康影响，世界卫生组织（世卫组织）已经讨论了电场对人类的长期影响。本研究的目的是量化电磁场对人体产生的微电流。实验采用间距为1米的平行极板电极。人体模型的感应电流在10kv /m的均匀电场下测量。利用电荷模拟法和有限元法分析了脑内的比例因子和感应电流密度。结论如下：实验是在强电场条件下进行的。利用光纤和微开关电路可以在这种条件下精确测量感应电流。实验量化了头部、胸部、腰部等部位的感应电流密度。当确定实验动物的比例因子时，这些值很重要。采用电荷模拟法和有限元法对标度因子进行了基本考虑。考虑到头皮、颅骨和脑脊髓层的阻抗，理论上量化了脑内的感应电流密度。研究发现，脑脊髓层的电导率很低，大脑受到静电屏蔽。颅骨的阻抗将是一个决定性因素；因此，应更准确地明确其阻抗。

It is well-known that the currents are induced in human body exposed to power frequency electric fields, depending on its grounding impedance and the irregularity of its surface. Since such currents may induce the health effects, the long-term electric field effects on humans have been discussed by the World Health Organization (WHO).This research has been conducted in order to quantify the micro-currents induced in human body to which the electric fields couple. The experiments were performed using the parallel-plate electrodes whose separation was one meter. The induced currents in human model were measured in a uniform field of 10 kV/m. Also analysed were the scaling factors and induced current densities inside the brain using the charge simulation method and finite element method. The followings have been concluded.1. The experiments were performed in a strong electric field condition. The induced currents could be accurately measured in such a condition using the fiber-optics and the micro-switch circuits.2. The induced current densities at head, chest, waist and so on were experimentally quantified. Those values are important when the scaling factors for experimental animals are determined. The basic considerations into the scaling factors were taken using the charge simulation method and the finite element method.3. The induced current density inside the brain was theoretically quantified by taking into consideration the impedances of the scalp, skull, and cerebrospinal layer. It is found that the conductivity of the cerebrospinal layer is so low that the brain is electrostatically shielded. The skull's impedance would be a determining factor ; therefore, its impedance should be made clear more accurately.