Transition of organization of living space and environmental view in Japan

日本居住空间组织与环境观的变迁

• 批准号: 61301087
• 负责人: NAKAMURA Kazuo
• 金额: $ 4.74万
• 依托单位: Komazawa University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1986 至 1987
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-61301087/
• 关键词: Organization of living space; 環境観; 景観; 空間の秩序

1. Two key concepts ("organization of living space" and "environmental view") are the overriding basis, on which each member made the following findings.2. Critical reexamination of the Vidalian concept proved that it is more relevant than critics had ever thought.3. A relationship between Japanese original organization of living space and their environmental view is investigated. (1) Such a relationship is embodied in a symbolic character of spatial order of villages in Okinawa and the Seto Inland Sea region. (2) The arrangement of ancient buildings, which is thought to have a connection with the surrounding mountain peaks, is interpreted with reference to Taoism. (3) The Japanese characteristics are examined in comparison to the foreigners' settlements in Meiji era.4. How physical and social constraints reflect on the organization of living space is discussed. (1) The traditional irrigation system developed on the west piedmost of Aso Vol-cano against the restriction imposed by permiable deposition, reflects the social organization in the region and people's environmental view. (2) A special type of organization of living space was formed by farmers in the lower reaches of Shinano River in order to maximize the yealds from the limited and ill-drained paddy fields.5. An organization of living space to perform fundamental functions for existence forms a complex structure along with an administrative organization and others, and undergoes substantial changes in the course of history. (1) Traditional swidden cultivation in a mountain village required an extensive area to be organized. But development of forestry has resulted in simplification of the structure of spatial organization. (2) A graveyard is an indispensable but space-consuming practice. People's attitude toward this space and its changes are discussed.

1.两个关键概念(“生活空间的组织”和“环境观点”)是压倒一切的基础，每个成员在这两个概念的基础上得出以下结论。对维达里安概念的批判性重新审视证明，它比批评者所认为的更相关。探讨了日本人原有的居住空间组织与他们的环境观之间的关系。(1)这种关系体现在冲绳和后藤内海地区村庄空间秩序的象征性特征上。(2)古建筑的布局被认为与周围的山峰有联系，并参照道教进行解释。(3)将日本特色与明治时期的外国人聚落进行比较。讨论了物质和社会约束如何影响生活空间的组织。(1)麻生湖西端发展的传统灌溉系统不受允许淤积的限制，反映了该地区的社会组织和人们的环境观。(2)信野河下游的农民为了最大限度地利用有限且排水不良的稻田，形成了一种特殊的生存空间组织形式。为了实现生存的基本功能而形成的生存空间组织，与行政组织等构成了一个复杂的结构，并在历史进程中经历了实质性的变化。(1)传统的山村杂草种植需要组织大片土地。但林业的发展导致了空间组织结构的简单化。(2)墓地是一种不可或缺的做法，但需要占用大量的空间。讨论了人们对这个空间的态度及其变化。

项目成果

中俣 均: 地理. 33. 40-44 (1988)

中又仁：地理学。33. 40-44 (1988)

千田稔: "日本の古代第9巻所収都城選地の景観を視る" 中央公論社, (1987)

千田稔：《日本古代都城遗址一览》第9卷，《中央公论社》（1987年）

稲田 道彦: 香川地理学会会報. 7. 15-20 (1987)

稻田道彦：香川地理学会公报。7. 15-20 (1987)。

NOZAWA, Hideki: "Revitalization of the 'genre de vie' concept" Shi'en. No.125. (1988)

野泽秀树：“‘生活类型’概念的复兴”Shien。

野澤 秀樹: 史淵. 125. (1988)

野泽秀树：涩125。（1988）