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Analysis of causative factors in the geographic variation of Sika deer (Cervus nippon) in Japan.

日本梅花鹿地理变异的致病因素分析。

基本信息

批准号：
61540540
负责人：
OHTAISHI Noriyuki
金额：
$ 0.83万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1986
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1986 至 1987
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Only one species of deer, Sika deer (Cervus nippon), inhabit various environments from subarctic coniferous forests (Hokkaido) to subtropical bamboo bush (Kerama Islands) in Japan. As the result of the measurements of over 10,000 specimens, the figures of body size, body weight, skull and antler size show the tendency to clinal decrease from Hokkaido towards the Kerama Islands. The skull length, straight antler length and body weight of Hokkaido stags were 32cm, 62cm, and 120kg respectively, and those of the Kerama Islands stags were 23cm, 30cm, and 30kg respectively.The deer of Hokkaido are slightly larger than those of the largest northern subspecies on the Asian continent, C. nippon hortulorum. The size of the deer from the Kanto and Kinki districts appears to be similiar to that of the five subspecies of Chinese continental Sika deer. The deer from the southernmost range of Kyushu are smaller than the same species in western China. The smaller size of the southern Sika deer in Japan indicates the neotenic changes of their growth.Differences in size not only on climatic differences, due to ecological conditions. On the Kinkazan and Goto Islands, the deer show a low quality (low performance) population under high density, and the deer of Tsushima Island and Tanegashima Island reveal a high quality population which has developed from low density. The neotenic changes of the Yaku deer is thought to be due to the specialized behaviour, namely their adaptation to high and steep mountainous environments. The variation of Sika deer in Japan is attributed to the absence of interspecific segregation and the wide climatic variation.

只有一种鹿，西卡鹿（Cervus nippon），栖息在从亚北极针叶林（北海道）到日本亚热带竹林（Kerama群岛）的各种环境中。通过对1万余只标本的测量，发现其体尺、体重、头骨和鹿角的大小从北海道向庆良间群岛呈倾斜减小的趋势。北海道鹿的头骨长、直角长和体重分别为32cm、62cm和120kg，庆良间鹿的头骨长、直角长和体重分别为23cm、30cm和30kg。日本园艺。关东地区和近畿地区的鹿的大小与中国大陆西卡鹿的五个亚种相似。九州最南端的鹿比中国西部的同类鹿要小。日本南部西卡鹿体型较小，表明其生长发育的幼态变化，体型的差异不仅在于气候的差异，还在于生态条件的差异。金山和后藤岛的鹿群在高密度下表现为低质量（低性能）种群，对马岛和种子岛的鹿群表现为从低密度发展起来的高质量种群。雅库鹿的幼态变化被认为是由于其特殊的行为，即它们对高陡山区环境的适应。日本西卡鹿的变异归因于种间分离的缺乏和广泛的气候变异。