Research of the legal relief measures against errors in finding

针对认定错误的法律救济措施研究

• 批准号: 62301066
• 负责人: MITSUDO Kageaki
• 金额: $ 5.76万
• 依托单位: Osaka City University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1987 至 1989
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62301066/
• 关键词: errors in fact-finding; appeal; retrial; double jeopady; Writ of Habeas corpus; nova; 事実認定; 控訴; 上告; 自由心証主義

It is so indispensable in criminal procedure to provide for conviction based on factual errors that legal systems which relieve a defendant from misjudgement as early as possible should be equipped completely, Moreover the systems must function effectively. For this purpose, firstly we studied criminal appeals and retrial in terms of comparative law and its history. That leads us to conclude that appeal and retrial in criminal procedure have their principle significance on "Relief a defendant from errors in finding". Secondly causes of errors in finding are investigated both in theory and in case studies. As the latter, we chose several cases which have been really recognized errors in finding and interviewed some attorneys of those cases. Besides, 4 working groups were made, which read the whole documents of each of the cases and examined what led the judges to errors in finding. At last we discussed ideal relief measures. This consideration results especially in the papers on detail … More problems.The themes of these studies can be summarized as follows: A. General remarks 1. The significance and role of appeals and retrial in criminal procedure; legal relief measures both before and after an irrevocable decision; relief measures in the Anglo-American law and the Continental, law; the practice of relief in Japan etc.. B. General remarks 2. Practice and problems of the principle of free evaluation of evidence by judge; the significance of due process in fact-finding: evaluation of expert's report; fact-finding on the based of circumstantial evidence etc.. C. Details 1. The structure of the first appeal and relief against factual errors; research of new evidence and new fact by the first appeal court; Relief from factual errors by the second and final appeal court; reasons of retrial; procedure of retrial etc.. D. Details 2. Research of factual errors in special cases and legal relief measures:(1) the Hirosaki case, (2) the Shimada case, (3) the Kagoshima case, and (4) the Omori-kangin Bank case. Less

事实错误定罪是刑事诉讼中不可或缺的一项制度，因此，应当尽快完善和完善能够使被告人免于误判的法律的制度，并使之有效地发挥作用。为此，本文首先从比较法和历史的角度对刑事申诉与再审制度进行了研究。由此得出结论：刑事诉讼中的上诉与再审对于“救济被告人的错误发现”具有原则意义。其次，从理论和案例两个方面分析了发现错误的原因。作为后者，我们选择了几个在发现错误方面确实被公认的案例，并采访了这些案例的一些律师。此外，还成立了4个工作组，阅读每个案件的全部文件，并审查导致法官认定错误的原因。最后讨论了理想的救济措施。这一考虑的结果，特别是在文件的细节 ...更多信息 这些研究的主题可以概括如下：A.一般性评论上诉和再审在刑事诉讼中的意义和作用;不可撤销判决前和不可撤销判决后的法律的救济措施;英美法系和大陆法系的救济措施;日本的救济实践等。B。一般性评论法官自由心证原则的实践及其存在的问题;正当程序在事实认定中的意义：对专家报告的评价;基于间接证据的事实认定等。C. 1.第一上诉法院的结构与事实错误救济;第一上诉法院对新证据和新事实的研究;第二上诉法院和终审法院对事实错误的救济;再审理由;再审程序等。D.细节2.研究特殊案件中的事实错误与法律的救济措施：（1）广崎案，（2）岛田案，（3）鹿儿岛案，（4）大森银行案。少

项目成果

渡部保夫: "職業裁判官と事実認定" 日本刑法学会刑法雑誌. 29巻3号. 421-440 (1989)

Yasuo Watanabe：“专业法官和事实调查”，《日本刑法学会刑法杂志》，第 29 卷，第 3. 421-440 期（1989 年）。

A.TAKADA: "The Writ of Hebeas Corpus: American Development (1)" THE OKAYAMA JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF LAW Vol.38 No.4, p.563-654, 1989.

A.TAKADA：“Hebeas Corpus 令状：美国发展 (1)”《冈山法律协会杂志》第 38 卷第 4 期，第 563-654 页，1989 年。

STUDY GROUP OF THE YAMANAKA CASE (Y.OHDE, H.KAWASAKI etc.): "The Study on the Yamanaka Case (2)" HOGAKU SEMINAR. No.400, p.110-113, 1988.

山中案件研究小组（Y.OHDE、H.KAWASAKI等）：“山中案件研究（2）”HOGAKU研讨会。

光藤景皎: "「厳格な証明」と「自由な証明」(一)" 大阪市立大学法学雑誌. 36巻3,4号. 408-420 (1990)

光人庆子：“‘严格证明’和‘自由证明’(1)”大阪市立大学法学杂志，第 36 卷，第 3 期，408-420 (1990)。

Y.OHDE: "Report from One Retrial Hearing: The Shimada Case (2)" Hogaku Seminar. No.398, p.92-93, 1988.

Y.OHDE：“一次再审听证会的报告：岛田案（2）”Hogaku 研讨会。