Deviant Behavior among Junior Highschool Students and Privatized Society

本研究旨在探讨“私营化”的价值取向对初中生越轨行为的影响。选取三个样本组；成人群体，初中学生群体，学校教师群体。在三个群体中，教师群体与日常生活私人领域的相关性变化最为迅速。越轨行为作为本研究的因变量，由近年来日本在校学生中被认为最严重的三种行为组成：(1)拒学行为（称为恐校或逃学）；(2)不良行为；(3)欺凌行为。本次调查是对全国12个大城市的6000多名初中生进行随机抽样调查的结果。我们的调查发现，由于长时间缺课，初中人口中拒绝入学的比例比官方统计数据更高。我们的研究中，这种行为的发生率为25.1%，与官方统计数据的0.61%形成了鲜明对比，官方统计数据中有大量的黑色数字。我们的研究结果显示了拒学现象的总体规模，并阐明了“私有化”对这种行为的影响：学生与学校社会的社会联系越弱（这是“私有化”的一个主要方面），就越有可能因为微不足道的原因而拒学。在欺凌研究中，我们的研究结果揭示了欺凌情境中“替罪羔羊”角色的重要作用，其程度体现在“替罪羔羊”的出现上。建立在“私有化”基础上的“过路人”的态度通过家庭和教师被社会化。在犯罪研究中，我们的研究结果也支持“私有化”与犯罪行为的关系。另一个发现是“私有化”与每一种越轨行为之间的相互关系。这一发现表明，需要考虑到这些妥协关系和“私有化”的共同背景，进一步考虑和应对最近在学生中普遍存在的拒绝入学行为的政策。少

This research project attempts to clarify the effects of chawing value orientation toward "privatization" on increasing deviant behavior among junior high school students. Three sample groups are selected ;adult population group, junior high school student group,and school teacher group. The teacher group reveals most rapid change in their relevance to private fields of daily life among three groups. Deviant behaviors as dependent variables of this research are composed of three behaviors considered as most serious problems among Japanese school students in recent years: (1) school refusal behavior( called as schoolphobia or truancy ), (2) delinquent behaviors (3) bullying behavior. This research survey found about 6,000 students of junior high school in 12 large urban areas who were selected through the nationwide randomized sampling. Our survey observed such hislier prepotion of school refusal in the junior high population than the official statistics limited by long period of absenc … More e. The rates of occurrence of this behavior is 25.1% in our study countered to 0.61% of the official statistics which have large amount of dark figures. Our findings show the total size of school refusal phenomenon and clarify the effects of "privatization" on this behavior: the more weakened social bonds of students to their school society which is an major aspect of "privatization", the more likely to be school refusal only by trivial reasons. In bullying research, our findings reveal the significant functions of the roles of "by-passer" in the bullying situations to the degree of the emergence of the "whipping boy". The attitudes of "by-passer" based on the "privatization" are socialized through their family and teachers. In the delinquency research,our findings also support the relation of "privatization" to delinquent behaviors. Additional finding is the mutual relationships with each deviant behavior derived from "privatization". This finding suggests that further considerations of and coping policies with school refusal behavior recently pervading among students is required to be taken account of these compromised relations and "the common background of "privatization". Less