Basic Research on Biological Monitoring of Industrial Chemicals in Japan

1. 尿代谢物正常值及其上限的估计：对东京、京都和冈山市20 ~ 30岁男性商人尿液中代谢物的决定浓度进行了估计。测定尿中马尿酸、苯酚、甲醇、镉、β 2- mg、铅、δ ALA和砷化合物的浓度，计算这些化合物的算术和几何平均数及95%上限。测定姐妹染色体交换正常值或血镉正常值及吸烟对正常值的影响。观察了空气中氯苯浓度与暴露于氯苯的受试者尿液中氯苯代谢物浓度之间的相关性。估计了空气中己烷的浓度与尿液中2,5-己二酮的浓度之间的相关性。空气中有机溶剂的浓度与接触溶剂的受试者尿液中有机溶剂代谢物的浓度之间的相关性以及空气中重金属浓度与接触重金属的受试者血液或尿液中的重金属浓度之间的相关性是由我们小组成员在教育部资助下研究的之前的论文中估计出来的。在此基础上研究了日本人和白种人在药代动力学上的差异，认识到日本人和中国人的差异。从尿量、饮水和混合暴露时使用的溶剂种类等方面讨论了影响有机溶剂暴露受试者尿液中代谢物浓度的因素。阐述了环境、工作场所和健康控制因素生物监测的意义。

1. Estimation of normal values and their upper limits of urinary metabolites : determinant concentrations of metabolites in the urine of male businessmen from twenties to thirties in age living in Tokyo, Kyoto and Okayama Cities were estimated. Concentrations of hippuric acid, phenol, methanol, cadmium, Beta_2-MG, lead, Delta ALA and arsenic compounds in their urine were determined and the arithmetic and geometric means of these urinary compounds and 95% upper limit were calculated.2. Normal values of the sister chromosome exchange or blood cadmium and the effect of smoking on the normal values were determined.3. The correlation between the concentration of chlorobenzene in the air and the concentration of its metabolites in the urine of subjects exposed to chlorobenzene was observed. The correlation between the concentraion of nhexane in the air and the concentration of 2,5-hexanedione in the urine was estimated. And correlation between the concentration of organic solvents in the air and the concentration of their metabolites in the urine of subjects exposed to solvents and the correlation between the concentration of heavy metals in the air and that in the blood or urine of subjects exposed to heavy metals were estimated by our previous papers reported by members of our group studied with grants from the Ministry of Education. Then the difference in pharmacokinetics between Japanese and Caucasian was studied from the papers, and the difference between Japanese and Chinese was recognized.4. Factors affecting the concentration of metabolites in the urine of subjects exposed to organic solvents were discussed in terms of urinary volume, drinking water and the kind of solvents use in mixed exposure.5. Significance of biological monitoring in environmental, workplace and health control factors was described.