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Comparative Study on the Relation between Public Policy and Academic Research System

公共政策与学术研究体系关系的比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
02041110
负责人：
YAMAMOTO Shinichi
金额：
--
依托单位：
Graduate School of Policy Science, Saitama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Survey.
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02041110/
关键词：
fundamental research applied research 'third party' fund the German Research Society the Academy of Science 第三者資金ドイツ研究協会(DFG)科学アカデミ-

项目摘要

1. In the Federal Republic of Germany, as a highly developed indusutrial country, improvement the quality of university research is one of the important political issues.2. The system of research is complex. In the federal structure, the states have primary responsibility for higher education and academic research. The federal government has the right to enact the general principles underlying the university system, and support jointly the state governments the construction and extension of universities, planning and assistance for research facilities and projects of national importance. In addition, universities have the freedom of research. So federal and state governments are indirectly linked with universities by promoting their research.3. Universities continue to be a sphere of fundamental research. But in recent years, institutes of the Max Planck Society, institutes of Fraunhofer Society and 13 national research centres play important role in fundamental and applied research. U … More niversities are required to compete and cooperate with these institutes.4. Universities receive general funds for research from states. And universities receive substantial 'third-party' funds in the form of research grants or contracts from the German Research Society (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG). DFG is a central organization for the promotion of science in the Federal Republic of Germany. Most funds of DFG are provided by federal and state governments.5. DFG provide its grants to universities mainly by the following three types of support : a) Individual Grants Program ; the promotion of research projects requested on the initiative of the individual researchers and these projects are financed for a period of one to two years, b) Priority Programs ; the financing and coordination of the work of several researchers at different places on a certain topic for a period of up to five years, c) Collaborative Research Centers ; these are long-term (12-15 years) research institutions of universities where scientists of various disciplines cooperate in the framework of a research program affecting inter-relating fields.6. For the restructuring higher education and research in former East Germany, working groups of the German Research Society examine the organization of the institutes of the former Academy of Science and universities. Less

1.在联邦共和国德国，作为一个工业高度发达的国家，提高大学的科研质量是重要的政治问题之一.研究系统是复杂的。在联邦结构中，各州对高等教育和学术研究负有主要责任。联邦政府有权制定大学制度的基本原则，并联合支持州政府建设和扩建大学，规划和援助具有国家重要性的研究设施和项目。此外，大学有研究的自由。因此，联邦和州政府通过促进大学的研究间接地与大学联系在一起。大学仍然是基础研究的领域。但近年来，马克斯·普朗克学会、弗劳恩霍夫学会和13个国家研究中心在基础和应用研究中发挥了重要作用。U ...更多信息学校必须与这些机构竞争和合作。大学从各州获得研究的一般资金。大学还从德国研究协会（Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft，DFG）获得大量的研究赠款或合同形式的“第三方”资金。DFG是德国联邦共和国促进科学的中心组织。DFG的大部分资金由联邦和州政府提供。DFG主要通过以下三种支持方式向大学提供赠款：a）个人赠款方案;促进研究人员个人主动要求的研究项目，这些项目的资助期限为一到两年，B）优先方案;资助和协调不同地方的若干研究人员就某一专题开展工作，为期最多五年，（c）合作研究中心;这些是大学的长期（12-15年）研究机构，各学科的科学家在影响相互关联领域的研究方案框架内进行合作。为了重组前东德德国的高等教育和研究，德国研究学会的工作组审查了前科学院和大学的研究所的组织情况。少