An Analysis of Factors for the Growth of Graduate Education in the Context of the Massification of Higher Education

这项研究旨在分析在高等教育大众化和学术研究复杂化的背景下，作为大学改革运动核心部分的日本研究生院制度成长的必要因素。结合最近的情况，分析了日本研究生院制度的发展方向以及影响其发展的因素。1)“日本”制度，基于国际方面；2)研究生院是“学术研究机构”而不是教育机构；3)基于历史观点的“现状”；4)“政策导向研究”，侧重于了解正在进行的实际问题，找出政策问题并找出它们之间的关系；5)综合这些特点，以提出改善研究生院作为学术研究/培训机构所需的条件。《关于当前日本研究生院作为国际视野下的学术研究/培训体系的政策结论》是我这项研究的最终目的。我的结论是，这项研究的结论是，理工科和人文科学/社会科学在研究生的成长方面存在很大差异。对非大学工作的需求是关键因素(见附件图表)。此外，我还提出了几点，我认为这几点对研究生院作为学术研究场所的发展是很重要的。这些措施包括在竞争性的基础上增加对研究生的财政支持，改善研究生院的身体条件和课程内容，扩大研究生院的作用，培养能够在大学和其他学术机构之外积极工作的新型研究人员。

This study aims for the analysis of factors necessary for the growth of the Japanese graduate school system, which is regarded as a central part of the university reform movement, in the context of the massification of higher education and the sophistication of academic research. In light of the recent situation, I analyze the direction of the growth of the graduate school system in Japan and the factors for such growth. Consideration is given to the following : 1) "Japanese" system, based on international aspects, 2) graduate schools as "academic research institutions" rather than educational ones, 3) the "current situation" based on historical perspectives, 4) "policy-oriented research" focused on understanding actual on-going matters, identifying policy problems and finding the relations among them, 5) a synthesis of these features in order to propose what is needed to improve graduate schools as academic research/training institutions "The policy conclusions on current Japanese graduate schools as an academic research/training system from the international perspective" is my final aim for this research.I conclude this research that there is a great difference in the growth of graduate students between science/engineering and humanities/social sciences. The demand for non-university jobs is the key factor (See the attached chart). In addition, I raise several points which I think are important for the growth of the graduate school system as the place for academic research. These include an increase in financial support for graduate students on a competitive basis, improvement of the physical conditions and program contents of graduate schools, a broadening of the role of graduate schools, and training of a new type of researchers who can work positively outside universities and other academic institutions.