Investigation on a cooperative development of stratergy on curative treatment of leukemia with Federal Republic of Germany

德意志联邦共和国（FRG）目前在白血病治疗领域处于世界领先地位。治疗性强化治疗的策略和参与全国临床研究的患者数量超过了美国或欧洲其他地区。他们对白血病临床研究的质量和数量的迅速提高，得益于1979年开始的政府对抗癌战争的资助。他们的概念的特点是强调生物统计在方案规划和数据分析中的作用，在整个联邦政府建立了5个生物统计中心。与美国不同，日本政府不支持建立肿瘤小组，而是针对每种癌症组成项目小组。每个项目团队每年可获得约20至50 x 10^6日元，为期约5至7年。例如，在成人白血病领域，有3个项目组；急性髓性白血病、急性淋巴母细胞白血病和慢性髓性白血病，他们获得的资金总额是日本由厚生劳动省支持的成人白血病项目小组的4到7倍，正式成员只有12个机构。通过目前的调查，FRG成为临床癌症研究领域的超级力量的原因已经清楚。FRG政府资助了临床研究以及对抗癌症的基础科学研究。在日本，始于1984年的10年抗癌战争几乎只资助了生物技术等基础研究。为了在日本建立高水平的临床癌症研究，政府应该向临床研究投入更多的资金，至少应该建立生物统计中心来计划和控制临床研究。

Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) now leads the world in the field of leukemia therapy. The strategy of curative intensive therapy and the number of patients involved in their nation-wide clinical studies surpass those of U. S. A or other parts of Europe. The rapid rise of quality and quantity of their clinical studies of leukemia has derived from government-supported funds for the war against cancer which started in 1979. Their concept was characterized by the emphases on the role of biostatistics in planning of protocols and the analysis of data, and 5 biostatistc centers were established throughout FRG. Unlike in U. S. A, , FRG government did not support to establish oncology groups, but formed project teams on each cancer. Each project team receives approximately 20 to 50 x 10^6 Yen per year for about 5 to 7 years. For example, in the fields of adult leukemia, there are 3 project teams ; acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia, and they receive in total about 4 to 7 times of funds compared to those of the project team on adult leukemia in Japan which is supported by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and the official members of which are only up to 12 institutions. Through the present investigation, the reason why FRG has emerged as a super power in the field of clinical cancer study has become clear. FRG government has funded the clinical research as well as basic science in the war against cancer. In Japan, the 10-year war against cancer, which started in 1984, has funded almost exclusively basic research such as biotechnology. To establish high-standard clinical cancer study in Japan, more governmental funds should be distributed to clinical studies, at least to establish biostatistic centers which plan and control the clinical studies.