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U. S. -Japan Joint Research on Productivity of Graduate Education

美日研究生教育生产力联合研究

基本信息

批准号：
02044063
负责人：
USHIOGI Morikazu
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02044063/
关键词：
graduate education academic degree system scholarship completion rate of graduate program research fund dissertation dropーout student selection

项目摘要

This study was carried out as a part of the international comparative study on the research organization and education of advanced students in five countries, the U. S., the Great Britain, France, Germany and Japan under the leadership of Professor Burton Clark, UCLA. The study has been executed in two phases, namely the Macroーstudy and Microーstudy. The former focused on (1) the historical outline of the graduate education, (2) the present organization of the graduate education, (3) the academic degree system, (4) the selection and recruitment of advanced students, (5) the labor market for graduates, (6) the training system at the graduate school. At the second phase, five countries selected three disciplines, history from humanities, economics from social sciences, and physics from natural sciences as commonly investigated fields across countries. Beside them, the United States added biology, and Japan engineering as specially investigated.Research groups of every countries carried ou … More t a series of literature investigation, hearing and field surveys to collect relevant information. Five papers for Macroーstudy, and five papers for Microーstudy, in total ten papers submitted to conferences which were held in UCLA every summer.Outlines of research findings are as follow, (1) in every country due to the financial difficulty of the central government the research fund has been cut down, consequently particularly in science the center of research is moving out from universities to industrial laboratories, (2) due to the same reason the financial support system for advanced students is getting worse, every country is now facing with difficulty to attract abler part of students to the graduate training, (3) the training system except the U. S. is generally unstructured which causes the unduly extended staying of students in graduate programs and high rate of dropーout, and low completion rate of programs, (4) in some member countries, however, the government is attempting to set up new center of excellence, on which special fund is invested extensively to introduce more systematized training and more structured curriculum to the graduate training, and to stimulate the training innovation of universities elsewhere. Less

本研究是对美国、日本、韩国、日本、韩国、韩国、日本、美国，英国，法国，德国和日本的领导下，伯顿克拉克教授，加州大学洛杉矶分校。本研究分宏观研究和微观研究两个阶段进行。研究生教育的历史沿革、研究生教育的组织结构、学位制度、研究生的选拔与招收、研究生的劳动力市场、研究生院的培养制度等。在第二阶段，五个国家选择了三个学科，即人文科学中的历史学、社会科学中的经济学和自然科学中的物理学，作为各国共同调查的领域。除此之外，美国还增加了生物学，日本的工程学作为专门的研究对象，各国的研究小组也进行了大量的研究。 ...更多信息通过一系列的文献调查、听证会和实地调查收集相关信息。每年夏天在加州大学洛杉矶分校举行的学术会议上，提交了5篇宏观研究论文和5篇微观研究论文，共10篇论文。研究结果概述如下：（1）由于中央政府的财政困难，各国的研究经费都被削减，因此，特别是在科学方面，研究中心正从大学转移到工业实验室，（2）由于高等教育资助体系的日益恶化，各国都面临着难以吸引更多的学生参加研究生教育的问题。S.普遍缺乏结构性，导致学生在研究生课程中的停留时间过长，辍学率高，课程完成率低，（4）但在一些成员国，政府正试图建立新的英才中心，并为此投入大量专项资金，在研究生培训中引入更系统化的培训和更结构化的课程，并促进其他地区大学的培训创新。少