Studies on the mechanisms of persistent infection and reactivation of animal viruses

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In persistent infection, virus can hidden in body and escape from immunological prcsurc, in spite of the presence of immunity. However, the virus is sometimes reactivated to produce diseases in host. Following results were obtained.The feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) antigens were observed in many follicular dandritic cells (FDCs) and sparsely in small lymphocytes of paracortical area in the lymph nodes of cats inoculated with FIVFeline calicivirus causes persistent infection in feline T-cells in vitroFeline herpcsvirus type 1(FHV-1) activated FIV long terminal repeat(LTR). The target sites in LTR appeared to be ATF binding site and TATA elementThe nucleotide sequence of FHV-1 immuediate early (IE) gene and its flanking sequences were identified as a ICP4 homologue of HSV-1. The sequence had ahomology of 35-50% with ICP4 homologue of other a herpesvirusThe HSV-1, PRV and EHV-1 ICP4 homologues can transrepress the FIV, while the FHV-1 ICP4 homologue has no effect in CRFK and Felis catus whole fetus 4(fcwf-4) cells. The FHV-1 ICP4 homologue can stimulate the HIV LTR in CPFK cells but not in fcwr-4 cells. The others have or little effect in CRFK and fcwf-4 cells All the ICP4 homologues can transactivate the FIV and HIV LTRs in SW480 cells.