Molecular mechanisms for the regulation of sexual development in response to the external signals in fission yeast

裂殖酵母响应外部信号调节性发育的分子机制

• 批准号: 03404072
• 负责人: YAMAMOTO Masayuki
• 金额: $ 17.22万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03404072/
• 关键词: fission yeast; cAMP; A-kinase; meiosis; RNA; RNA-binding protein; 有性生殖; 接合; 接合フェロモン; フェロモン受容体; 情報伝達; 栄養源; 性的分化; アデニル酸シクラーゼ; Gタンパク質; 接合フェロモン受容体; 転写因子; HMG; DNA結合タンパク質

The fission yeast cells initiate either a new round of the cell cycle or sexual development depending on the nutritional conditions. When haploid cells mate, they communicate by secreting and accepting the mating pheromones.Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying these signal transduction systems and sexual differentiation will add much to the field of cell biology.This project was performed to this purpose. The major results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. We cloned the fission yeast gene for the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A.Analysis using this clone confirmed that cAMP serves as a second messenger that mediates the signal from the nutritional conditions. 2. We showed that the mei2 gene product, which is a key factor essential for the initiation of meiosis in fission yeast, is an RNA-binding protein. Mei2 protein turned out to be required not only prior to premeiotic DNA synthesis but also prior to meiotic division I.A novel RNA species (meiRNA) that cooperates with Mei2 to promote meiotic division I has been identified and characterized. 3. We cloned a number of genes from a plant Arabidopsis thaliana that can transcomplement fission yeast mutants defective in mating and/or meiosis. Whether these genes are involved in control of sexual development in the plant is currently under study. Screening for animal genes that transcomplement fission yeast mutants is also in progress.

分裂酵母细胞启动新一轮的细胞周期或性发育，这取决于营养条件。当单倍体细胞交配时，它们通过分泌和接受交配信息素进行交流。阐明这些信号转导系统和性分化的分子机制将为细胞生物学领域增添许多内容。所得主要结果概述如下。1.我们克隆了蛋白激酶A的催化亚基的裂殖酵母基因。使用该克隆的分析证实，cAMP作为第二信使，介导来自营养条件的信号。2.我们发现mei 2基因产物是一种RNA结合蛋白，它是裂殖酵母减数分裂起始所必需的关键因子。Mei 2蛋白不仅在减数分裂前DNA合成过程中起重要作用，而且在减数分裂I前也起重要作用。3.我们从拟南芥中克隆了一些基因，这些基因可以反式互补在交配和/或减数分裂中有缺陷的裂殖酵母突变体。目前正在研究这些基因是否参与控制植物的性发育。对反式互补裂变酵母突变体的动物基因的筛选也在进行中。

项目成果

Yukiko Gotoh: "Schizosaccharomyces pombe Spkl is a tyrosine-phosphorylated protein functionally related to Xenopus MAP kinase." Molecular and Cellular Biology. 13. 6427-6434 (1993)

Yukiko Gotoh：“粟酒裂殖酵母 Spkl 是一种酪氨酸磷酸化蛋白，其功能与非洲爪蟾 MAP 激酶相关。”

Kayoko Tanaka: "Schizosaccharomyces pombe map3+ encodes the putative M-factor receptor." Molecular and Cellular Biology. 13. 80-88 (1993)

Kayoko Tanaka：“粟酒裂殖酵母 map3 编码假定的 M 因子受体。”

Nocero, M., Isshiki, T., Yamamoto, M., and Hoffman, C.S.: "Glucose repression of fbp1 transcription in Schizosaccharomyces pombe is partially regulated by adenylate cyclase activation by a G protein alpha subunit encoded by gpa2 (git8)." Genetics. 138. 39

Nocero, M.、Isshiki, T.、Yamamoto, M. 和 Hoffman, C.S.：“粟酒裂殖酵母中 fbp1 转录的葡萄糖抑制部分受到 gpa2 (git8) 编码的 G 蛋白 α 亚基的腺苷酸环化酶激活的调节。”

Takako Isshiki: "Characterization of a fission yeast gene. gpa2. that encodes a Gα subunit involved in the monitoring of nutrition." Genes & Deveiopment. 6. 2455-2462 (1992)

Takako Isshiki：“裂变酵母基因 gpa2 的表征，该基因编码参与营养监测的 Gα 亚基。” 6. 2455-2462 (1992)

Nocero,M: "Glucose repression of fbp1 transcription in Schizosaccharomyces pombe is partiallyregulated by adenylate cyclase activation by a G protein α subunit encoded by gpa2(git8)" Genetics. 138. 39-45 (1994)

Nocero, M：“粟酒裂殖酵母中 fbp1 转录的葡萄糖抑制部分受到 gpa2(git8) 编码的 G 蛋白 α 亚基激活的腺苷酸环化酶的调节”遗传学 138. 39-45 (1994)。