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A general study on the development of Chinese literati's recognition and consciousness of their hisutory.

中国文人历史认识与意识发展概况研究

基本信息

批准号：
04301044
负责人：
YASUDA Jiro
金额：
$ 9.22万
依托单位：
Tohoku Univ.
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We explored how the Chinese literati were involved with their "history" and historiography. Some of important results are as fellows ;(1) The sever punishments that Wu-di (**) of the Fomer Han inflicted on LI liang (**)'s family and Si-ma Chien (***) are perfectly leagal. A commonly accepted view that it was violence in his rage is new comprehension given in the Three Kingdom era. Here we can see the development of Wu-di's image from Ancient to Medieval China.(2) In "Jin-Shu (**)", there are many articles about the solar eclipses in night and even about the non-eclipses which could not be in fact witnessed. As one of the reasons why the editors described such fictitious articles, we can point out their confidence for the theory of corelation between the heaven and the men (*****). This fact shows the character peculiar to the historiography in the Medieval China.(3) The reason why Xi Zao-chi (***) "Han Jin Chun QiU (****) " which actually intended to suppress the ambition of a villain Huan Wen (**) considered Shu (*) as orthodox, rejecting Wei (*), consists in the acquittal of the misdeeds by the Si-ma(**) family against the Wei dynasty. The setting of such a viewpoint made it possible to attain the author's original purpose.(4) In "Shin Tang Shu (***) ", we can find out some cases in which views about persons and arguments on politics given by Tang literati were utilized intact, and behind this matter there are intricate circumstances with undertaking historiography under dictatorship in the Modern Cina.(1) Inscriptions on stone monuments give us a great deal of information different from one gained by literature, but especially in epitaphs we can find excessively fictitious descriptions, with which we must deal carefully.

我们探讨了中国文人如何参与他们的“历史”和史学。主要结论如下：（1）汉武帝对李良家和司马迁的重刑是完全合法的;一个普遍接受的观点是，这是暴力在他的愤怒是新的理解，在三国时代。从这里我们可以看到中国古代到中古时期武帝形象的演变。(2)在《晋书》中，有许多关于夜间日食的文章，甚至还有关于实际上无法观测到的无食的文章。编辑们之所以写这种虚构的文章，其中一个原因是他们对天人感应理论的信心。这一事实显示了中国中世纪史学的独特性。(3)奚造炽的《汉晋春秋》，其实质是为了抑制桓温以蜀为正统，排斥魏的野心，其原因在于司马氏对魏王朝的罪行被无罪释放。这样一种观点的确立，才有可能达到作者最初的目的。(4)在《新唐书》中，我们可以看到唐代文人的人论、政论被完整地利用的情况，而这背后有着近代中国在专制统治下从事史学的复杂情况。(1)石碑上的铭文给我们提供了大量不同于文学的信息，但尤其是在墓志铭中，我们可以发现过度虚构的描述，我们必须小心对待。