A general study on the development of Chinese literati's recognition and consciousness of their hisutory.

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We explored how the Chinese literati were involved with their "history" and historiography. Some of important results are as fellows ;(1) The sever punishments that Wu-di (**) of the Fomer Han inflicted on LI liang (**)'s family and Si-ma Chien (***) are perfectly leagal. A commonly accepted view that it was violence in his rage is new comprehension given in the Three Kingdom era. Here we can see the development of Wu-di's image from Ancient to Medieval China.(2) In "Jin-Shu (**)", there are many articles about the solar eclipses in night and even about the non-eclipses which could not be in fact witnessed. As one of the reasons why the editors described such fictitious articles, we can point out their confidence for the theory of corelation between the heaven and the men (*****). This fact shows the character peculiar to the historiography in the Medieval China.(3) The reason why Xi Zao-chi (***) "Han Jin Chun QiU (****) " which actually intended to suppress the ambition of a villain Huan Wen (**) considered Shu (*) as orthodox, rejecting Wei (*), consists in the acquittal of the misdeeds by the Si-ma(**) family against the Wei dynasty. The setting of such a viewpoint made it possible to attain the author's original purpose.(4) In "Shin Tang Shu (***) ", we can find out some cases in which views about persons and arguments on politics given by Tang literati were utilized intact, and behind this matter there are intricate circumstances with undertaking historiography under dictatorship in the Modern Cina.(1) Inscriptions on stone monuments give us a great deal of information different from one gained by literature, but especially in epitaphs we can find excessively fictitious descriptions, with which we must deal carefully.