Anthropo-genetics on paleomongoloid in South America

为了阐明日本人和安第斯人之间的古人类学关系，比较了哥伦比亚、智利、玻利维亚和智利的安第斯人、秘鲁南部和智利的安第斯木乃伊和日本南部的安第斯人的人类T细胞白血病病毒I型前病毒DNA(HTLV-I)、有丝分裂DNA和核DNA的特征。从HTLV-I前病毒和人类白细胞抗原特异性基因(HLADQ)的DNA分析表明，安第斯人与日本南部人关系密切，但阿马宗、奥里诺科和巴塔哥尼亚的人与他们有很大的不同。从6具木乃伊(距今1500-1000年前)中发现了人类白细胞抗原-DQ和贝塔球蛋白的特异基因，并对智利北部46具木乃伊(距今8000-500年)的线粒体DNA D-loop区域进行了碱基分析。除了传统的考古学研究外，通过这些民族流行病学和免疫遗传学的研究，将产生古安第斯人历史上扩散的新证据。

To clarify the paleoanthropological relationship between Japanese and Andeans, charactistics of provirus DNA of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I), mitochodrial DNA and nuclear DNA was compared among 1) Andeans in Colombia, Chile, Bolivia and Chile, 2) Andean mummies in south Peru and north Chile, and 3) southern Japanese. From DNA analysis of HTLV-I provirus and specific genes of human leukocyte antigen (HLA-DQ), it was clarified that Andeans are closely related to southern Japanese, but people in Amazone, Orinoco and Patagonia were very different from them. Specific genes of HLA-DQ and betaglobin was just identified from 6 mummies (1500-1000 years ago) and also base analysis of D-loop regeon of mitochondial DNA from 46 mummies (8000-500 years ago) in north Chile have been already completed. Through those ethnoepidemiological and immunogenetic studies in addition to traditional ancheological studies, a new evidence of historical dispersal of paleo-Andeans would be generated.