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Anthro-genetics on Paleomongoloid in Pan-Pacific and Northland Areas

泛太平洋和北陆地区古蒙古人种的人类遗传学

基本信息

批准号：
11691226
负责人：
TAJIMA Kazuo
金额：
$ 11.81万
依托单位：
Aichi Cancer Center
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-l) is spreading throughout the world with microgeographical clusters of hyperendemicity. Epidemiologic evidences on HTLV among Mongoloids in the world showed that HTLV-l is highly endemic in South Japan and in the Andes district of South America. In the other hand HTLV type 2 (HTLV-II) is broadly distributed in the whole South America except the Andes line. The HLA haplotypes of these two carriers were mutually exclusive, i.e., the HLA haplotypes of Andes HTLV-I carriers were common among Japanese while those of HTLV-II carriers were prevalent among North American Indians. This suggested that HLA haplotypes might be ethnically segregated among South American natives and might be involved in the genetic susceptibility to HTLV-I and HTLV-II infections. In a previous study in this program, gene fractions of proviral HTLV-I from Andean mummy aged 1500 years was detected. This observation suggested that HTLV-I may have existed at least 1000 years before aboriginal Andean migrated from the Asian Continent and settled down in the Andes.In Tibetan populations in China, the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes have not yet been studied up until now. HBV distributed in the world is classified into seven genotypes, designated as A to G, geographically separated. Since the prevalence of HBV infection in isolated Tibetan people in the east and west regions of Tibet was very high, the HBV genotypes were determined by PCR-microwell plate hybridization method using plasma DNA. We detected only genotype in Tibetan HBV This genotype C is known to be a predominant type of HBV among Asian Mongoloids, especially in Thailand and Korea These results revealed that the Tibetan villagers are not exposed by HTLV-I but highly infected with HBV, especially with genotype C. HBV and HLA gene sequences warrant further investigation in this context.

人类T细胞白血病病毒1型（HTLV-1）正在全球范围内传播，具有高度流行的微地理集群。HTLV在世界蒙古人中的流行病学证据表明，HTLV-1在日本南部和南美洲的安第斯山脉地区是高度流行的。另一方面，HTLV 2型（HTLV-II）广泛分布于除安第斯山脉以外的整个南美洲。这两个携带者的HLA单倍型是相互排斥的，即，安第斯山脉HTLV-I携带者的HLA单倍型在日本人中是常见的，而HTLV-II携带者的HLA单倍型在北美印第安人中是普遍的。这表明，HLA单倍型可能是种族分离的南美土著人，并可能参与遗传易感性HTLV-I和HTLV-II感染。在该计划的先前研究中，检测到来自1500年前安第斯木乃伊的前病毒HTLV-I的基因片段。这一观察结果表明，HTLV-I可能已经存在至少1000年前的土著安第斯人从亚洲大陆迁移到定居在安第斯山脉。在中国藏族人群中，肝炎B病毒（HBV）的基因型尚未研究到现在。HBV在世界范围内的分布分为七种基因型，分别命名为A至G，地理上是分开的。针对西藏东、西部地区藏族隔离人群HBV感染率高的特点，采用PCR-微孔板杂交法检测血浆HBV基因型。我们在藏族人群中只检测到基因型，C型是亚洲蒙古族人群中的主要HBV类型，尤其是在泰国和韩国。HBV和HLA基因序列在这方面值得进一步研究。