Anthropo-genetics on paleomongoloid in South America

为了弄清日本人和安第斯人之间的古人类学关系，比较了1)南美洲高地和低地人、2)安第斯木乃伊和3)日本南部人的人类T细胞白血病病毒(HTLV)前病毒DNA、线粒体DNA和核DNA的特征。对HTLV和人类白细胞抗原的DNA分析表明，安第斯地区的高地居民与日本南部地区的人关系密切，而其他低地的人与他们完全不同。在安第斯山脉地区收集的104具木乃伊中，有两具鉴定出了特定的人类β-珠蛋白基因。此外，大约1500年前，每两具贝塔珠蛋白阳性的安第斯木乃伊中就有一具HTLV-I Px阳性。对智利北部90具木乃伊的线粒体DNA的D-loop区域进行了碱基分析，发现了南美洲当代人的四组特定的线粒体DNA。这些结果提供了第一个证据，证明HTLV-I在殖民时代之前是由古代蒙古人携带到安第斯山脉的。。

To c1arify the paleoanthropological relationship between Japanese and Andeans, characteristics of provirus DNA of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV), mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA were compared among materials : 1) high and low landers in South America ; 2) Andean mummies ; and 3) southern Japanese. From DNA analysis of HTLV and human leukocyte antigens, it was clarified that high landers in the Andes area were closely related to southern Japanese, but people in other low lands were exclusively different from them. Specific gene human beta-globin was identified from two out of 104 mummies collected in Andes areas. Furthermore, one out two beta-globin positive Andean mummies about 1,500 years ago was positive for HTLV-I pX, too. Base analysis of D-loop regeon of mitochondrial DNA from 90 mummies in north Chile were completed and they showed four specific groups of mitochondrial DNA asshown in contemporary people in South America. These results porvides the first evidence that HTLV-I was carried by ancient Mongoloids to the Andes before the Colonial era. .