Comparative Study of the Political Thoughts of Modern Neo-Confucianists

现代新儒家政治思想比较研究

• 批准号: 07620054
• 负责人: WATANABE Hiroshi
• 金额: $ 0.9万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07620054/
• 关键词: Modern Neo-Confuciansm; political thought

So-called Modern Neo-Confuciansts are the 20th-century Chinese thinkers who believed Confucianism even after the iconoclastic May Fourth Movement, while learning from western thoughts and philosophies. Chinese intellectuals both in and out of the mainland have immense interests in them especilly since the 1980s. But studies on them are still minimal in Japan. Thererfore, the first step of this research was to collect related materials as many as possible and analyze them. The second step was to pick out the Modern Neo-Confucinists who asserted the affinity of Confucinism with modern western political thoughts such as Mou Zongsan and Xu Fuguan and compare them with Japanese thinkers who also believed in it such as Yokoi Shonan, Sakatani Roro and Nakae Chomin.The tentative conclusions of this research is as follows. First, the importance of Modern Neo-Confucinists is undeniable, although they are somtimes severely criticized by other Chinese intellectuals. They had many interesting ideas and their influence is strong. Second, some Modern Neo-Confuciansts and the above-mentioned Japanese thinkers have striking similarity in some aspects. (For instance, they even quote exactly the same passage of Confucian classics to prove their similar point.) But, in another sense, they are almost opposite. The former emphasized the aftinity of Confucinaism with modernity in order to defend Confunianism, while the latter asserted it to justify modernization. Third, Confucianism is really multifaceted. It is not a mere ideology for conservatism and despotism as is often believed.

所谓现代新儒家，是指20世纪中国思想家，他们在“五四”之后仍然信奉儒家思想，同时又学习西方思想和哲学。特别是自20世纪80年代以来，海内外的中国知识分子对它们产生了极大的兴趣。但在日本，对它们的研究仍然很少。因此，本研究的第一步是尽可能多地搜集相关资料，并加以分析。第二步，将主张儒家与近代西方政治思想有密切关系的牟宗三、徐复观等近代新儒家与同样信奉儒家的日本思想家横井翔男、坂谷朗郎、中江长明等进行比较，得出以下初步结论。首先，现代新儒家的重要性是不可否认的，尽管他们有时受到其他中国知识分子的严厉批评。他们有许多有趣的想法，他们的影响力很大。第二，现代新儒家与上述日本思想家在某些方面有着惊人的相似之处。(For例如，他们甚至引用完全相同的儒家经典来证明他们的相似观点。但是，从另一个意义上说，它们几乎是相反的。前者强调儒学与现代性的亲和性，为儒学辩护;后者则肯定儒学与现代性的亲和性，为现代化辩护。第三，儒家思想是多方面的。它并不像人们通常认为的那样仅仅是保守主义和专制主义的意识形态。