Research on Barrier Free Travel Environment for People whit Impaired Vision

各类视障人士定向和行动的模糊措施：视障人群分为先天性失明、中度失明、弱视、失明、多重残疾等，在对触觉、地图、地标、阅读、地名的理解和表达等方面，对旅行环境的识别和维护的相关措施各不相同。也就是说，一系列措施似乎还不够。以妨碍定向训练和活动训练为例，下面列举了不少例子。-医疗和福利服务部门没有提供关于上述培训的资料。-以学科和职业教育为中心的盲校没有合适的培训师。-所述培训师未获得国家资格，因此这样的兼职岗位不能使人满意。-上述培训不是在医院接受医疗治疗的情况下进行的。-家访培训不能由国家机构提供。出行环境养护方法标准化的弊端：各城市定位与出行训练养护的实际情况如下图所示。- 93%的触觉面设置。- 73%的声音信号设置。上述两个数字都意味着统一的、独家的硬措施的优先性，而基本的软措施，如定向/流动性和家访培训，分别表明23%和8%的人相对较少。如果可能的话，66%的城市打算采用其他更好的方法。目前，国际标准化组织正在努力建立触觉表面和声音信号的国际标准，所有城市中只有17%的屏障福利部门知道这一点。通过实验调查、研究等方式，对各类视障人群的环境识别、出行训练和环境维护方法进行全面系统的研究，明确目前存在的问题、主体和措施，是今后亟待解决的课题。少

Obsure measures on orientation and mobility for various people with impaired vision :Impaired visions are classified by inherent blindness, midway loss of sight, low sight, blindness, multiple disabled, etc, in which relative measures for recognition and maintenance of travel environment are varied in the respects of one's understanding and expression for tactile, map, landmark, read and name of place. That is, a series of measures seem insufficient.Taking a problem of obstructing orientation and mobility training, not a few cases mentioned below are found.-The information on said training is not given at the sections of medical treatment and welfare services.-Appropriate trainer is not provided at the blind school centering on educations of subjects and occupations.-Said trainer is not given national qualification, so such a concurrent post does not make satisfactory activity.-Said training is not carried out under medical treatment bee at hospital.-Home-visit training cannot be given … More by national organization.Unfavorable practices by standardization of method for travel environment maintenance :The actual situation on orientation and mobility training maintenance of all the cities indicates the following figures.-ninety-three percent of setting-up of tactile surface.-seventy-three percent of setting-up of sound signal.Both of the above figures means the priority of uniform, exclusive hard measures, while basic soft measures such as orientation/mobility and home-visit trainings indicate twenty-three and eight percent respectively that are relatively less. SIxty-six percent of all the cities of intending to adopt other better method, if available.Now ISO is trying to establish the international standard of tactile surface and sound signal, which are known to only seventeen percent of the Barrier Welfare Sections of all the cities. In future it is an urgent subject That environment recognition, travel training and environment maintenance method for the various people with impaired vision are to be studied generally and systematically through experimental survey, research, etc. and the present problems, subjects and measures are to be clarified. Less