LONG-TERM CONSERVATION AND EFFECTIVE REGENERATION OF PLANT CELLS IN ARTIFICIAL SEED CAPSULES

1. 研究了琼脂凝胶水含量和气相氧浓度对辣根毛状根细胞聚集体（CA）不定根再生的影响。在琼脂凝胶含水量为66%的情况下，培养20 d未见根再生。2 . CA在含氧量为10%的大气中保存20 d后，根系再生受到抑制，但将CA转移到含氧量为21%的正常大气中，根系再生得到恢复。提出了一种以海藻酸盐为包体包裹细胞的人工种子。从防止海藻酸盐凝胶干燥，同时保持CA的氧可用性的角度出发，对乙烯乙酸乙烯酯丙烯酸三元共聚物、石蜡和聚有机硅氧烷等不同涂层材料进行了试验。由于石蜡具有良好的耐干燥性和良好的透气性，因此选择石蜡作为合适的涂层材料。当凝胶中的蔗糖浓度大于240 mol m^<-3>.5时，将CA置于海藻酸盐凝胶中，经约0.5 mm厚的石蜡包覆，在25‰的温度下贮存60 d，再生效率可达90%。本研究提出的人工种囊可用于烟草愈伤组织等植物细胞的保存。

1. The effects of water content in agar gel used as medium and oxygen level in the gas phase on the adventitious root regeneration of cell aggregates (CA) derived from horseradish hairy roots were investigated in cultures at 25ﾟC.The number of roots emerging from CA was highly dependent on water content of the agar gel and no root regeneration was observed at a gel water content of 66% during culture time of 20 days.2. CA root regeneration was suppressed when the CA were kept for 20 days in an atmosphere oxygen composition of 10% but was restored upon transfer of the CA to normal atmosphere of 21% oxygen.3. An artificial seed was proposed using the CA as a cell inclusion material encapsulated in alginate gels covered with coats. From the perspective of conserving the root regeneration potential of the CA by preventing the drying of alginate gel while keeping oxygen availability to the CA,different coat materials of ethylene vinyl acetate acrylic acid terpolymer, paraffin and polyorganosiloxane were tested. paraffin was selected as a suitable coat material because of its efficient drying tolerance and adequate permeability to oxygen.4. The regeneration efficiency of 90% could be obtained from the CA,stored in alginate gel convered with paraffin coat of about 0.5 mm thickness at 25ﾟC for 60 days in air, when sucrose concentration in the gel was over 240 mol m^<-3>.5. The artificial seed capsules proposed in the present study were available for the conservation of plant cells such as tobacco callus.