Task specialization of worker polyethism in honeybee colony

从蜜蜂的遗传背景和行为背景两方面分析了工蜂对任务的专业化。我们的假设是，如果遗传背景参与了专业化，那么所有从事特定任务的工人都应该属于一个父系群体，如果行为背景参与了专业化，他们就会表现出相似的族谱或行为模式。作为一项专业任务，我们观察到“承担”行为。由于样本量太小，使用dna标记进行亲缘分析的方法不太清楚，我们无法揭示遗传背景对专业化的贡献。而从事专业任务的员工和从事一般任务的员工在行为内容的排列和各内容的表现频率上存在显著差异。此外，专业工人对外源刺激也表现出超敏反应。只有1%的工蜂表现出专业化，因此专业化被认为是受遗传背景的影响，相反，它表明来自（几个）亲缘群体的一部分工蜂设置了较低的反应门槛，他们是潜在的专家。有必要使用对DNA标记具有更高灵敏度的方法，为此我们引入了序列凝胶电泳。此外，我们还需要另一个可以在普通的s-zed群体中观察到的专门任务，因为观察蜂巢基础采样会限制专家样本的大小。

To analyze the specialization on tasks by a honeybee workers from both genetic and behavioral backgrounds of the bee are determined. Our hypothesis is if genetic background takes part in the specialization, all workers in particular task should be in one patriline group and if behavioral background does, they show similar ethograms or behavioral patterns.As a specialist task we observed "undertaking" behavior. Because of the sample size was too small and kin-analysis using DNA-markers was not so clear, we could not unveil the contribution of genetic background on the specialization. Whereas, there were significant differences of lineup of behavioral contents and performance frequency of each content between workers that took specialized task and ones took only general tasks. Also specialized workers showed hypersensitive response against exogenous stimuli.Only 1 % of worker bees showed specialization, so specialization is thought to be subjected genetic background, rather it suggests that a portion of workers from (several) kin group (s) has set lower threshold to response and they are the potential specialists.It is necessary to use methods with higher sensitivity on DNA markers, and for this purpose we have introduced sequence-gel electrophoresis. Further we need another specialized task which can be observed in ordinary s-zed colony because the observation hive base sampling can limited the size of specialist samples.