权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Analysis of polysomaty in plants and its evaluation for genetics and plant breeding

植物多体性分析及其遗传和植物育种评价

基本信息

批准号：
10306001
负责人：
MII Masahiro
金额：
$ 22.72万
依托单位：
CHIBA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10306001/
关键词：
polysomaty flow cytometry chromosome doubling plant taxonomy DNA content analysis of hybridity somaclonal variation polyploid production 体細胞多倍数性倍数体 endoreduplication 形質転換 ick遺伝子植物成長調節物質コルヒチン系統分類

项目摘要

Flowcytometric analysis was conducted on the distribution of polysomaty in economically important plants and common features of the plants with polysomaty were investigated based on the data of the analysis. As the results, polysomaty was widely found in the plants with succulent organs, but it was also found in some non-succulent plants belonging to some taxons such as Caryophyllales. Moreover, woody plants rarely have polysomaty. These results suggest that polysomaty have been acquired independently at different aspects of evolutionary processes. Polysomaty was found in all organs except for shoot and root apical meristems and the cells with higher ploidy levels tended to increase with aging. In the artificially induced tetraploids, polysomaty pattern shifted to the one-step higher level but the proportion of the highest ploidy cells tended to decrease. Relationship between polysomaty and the spontaneous production of polyploids as a somaclonal variation during the micropropagation of plants was also examined. As a result, cell suspension culture induced from the tissue with polysomaty had almost the same pattern of polysomaty as the original tissue, suggesting that the cells with higher ploidy levels had the same ability for cell division as the basal diploid cells. Since the polysomaty pattern changed by the kind and concentration of plant growth regulators added to the culture medium, plant growth regulators are considered to be a major factor for the polyploidization of the cultured cells. In the present stydy, it was revealed that DNA content is a useful index for discriminating the different taxons, . Moreover, flow cytometric analysis of DNA contents was effective for confirming the hybridity of the plants obtained by the cross between the species which have different DNA contents, and for identifying the maternal parent of the interspecific polyploid hybrid produced by the cross between the species with the same nature.

本文采用流式细胞仪分析了多体性在重要经济植物中的分布情况，并根据分析结果探讨了多体性植物的共同特征。结果表明，多体性现象广泛存在于肉质植物中，但也存在于一些非肉质植物中，如石竹目。此外，木本植物很少有多体性。这些结果表明，多体性是在进化过程的不同方面独立获得的。除茎和根顶端分生组织外，所有器官均存在多体现象，且倍性水平较高的细胞有随着衰老而增加的趋势。在人工诱导的四倍体中，多体性模式向更高的一级水平移动，但最高倍性细胞的比例有下降的趋势。本文还探讨了多体性与植物微繁殖过程中体细胞无性系变异产生多倍体的关系。结果，从具有多体性的组织诱导的细胞悬浮培养物具有与原始组织几乎相同的多体性模式，这表明具有较高倍性水平的细胞具有与基础二倍体细胞相同的细胞分裂能力。由于添加到培养基中的植物生长调节剂的种类和浓度改变了多体性模式，因此植物生长调节剂被认为是培养细胞多倍化的主要因素。研究表明，DNA含量是区分不同分类群的一个有用指标。此外，DNA含量的流式细胞术分析对于确认通过具有不同DNA含量的物种之间的杂交获得的植物的杂种性，以及对于鉴定通过具有相同性质的物种之间的杂交产生的种间多倍体杂种的母本是有效的。