Identification of biological factors involving in serial culturing technique for germ cell series

1)丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）在猪卵母细胞中介导细胞质进入细胞核的成熟诱导信号，诱导减数分裂再起始。2)克隆了两个在睾丸发育中起重要作用的锌指蛋白的cDNA同工异构体。3)微管和微丝都参与了大鼠二细胞胚胎发育阻滞，线粒体能量代谢紊乱导致大鼠二细胞胚胎发育阻滞。MAP激酶级联在m期被激活，除ERKs外，一些MAP激酶在小鼠胚胎的早期卵裂中被激活。4)建立了用FISH方法快速检测牛胚胎雄性特异性DNA序列的方法。5)促性腺激素诱导的NAIP通过抑制卵泡形成过程中凋亡颗粒细胞的死亡间接影响卵母细胞的存活。6)透明质酸对体外培养猪胚胎发育的影响随卵母细胞成熟和受精情况的不同而不同。7)猪胚泡孵化后可以建立细胞系并在体外长期维持，将胚泡来源的细胞移植到去核卵母细胞中获得的重构胚胎具有在体外发育到囊胚期的能力。

1) Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) mediates the maturation-inducing signal from the cytoplasm into nucleus and induces meiosis reinitiation in porcine oocytes.2) Two isoforms of cDNA encoding novel zinc finger proteins which play important roles in the development of the testes was cloned.3) Both microtubules and microfilaments are involved in the developmental block in two-cell rat embryos and the developmental block in rat two-cell embryos is induced by disturrbance of mitochondrial energy metabolism. MAP kinase cascade is activated at the M-phase and some MAP kinases other than ERKs are activated during early cleavage of mouse embryos.4) Rapid detection of male-specific DNA sequence in bovine embryos using FISH method was established.5) Gonadotropin-inducible NAIP indirectly affect oocyte survival as a result of the inhibition of apoptotic granulosa-cell death during folliculogenesis.6) The effect of hyaluronic acid on the development of in vitro-produced porcine embryos varies with the condition of oocyte maturation and fertilization.7) A porcine cell line can be established from the hatched blastocyst and maintained in vitro for a long period, and that reconstructed embryos obtained by transferring the blastocyst-derived cells into enucleated oocytes have the ability to develop to the blastocyst stage in vitro.