Physiologically active substances regulating ovarian function

1)极体形成抑制蛋白：从孕妇的尿制备物中纯化的抑制极体形成的蛋白。氨基末端序列分析表明，该蛋白的5 - 15位残基与人非分泌型核糖核酸酶的1 - 11位残基完全相同。此外，该蛋白质的残基1至4与残基-4至-1相同，对应于嗜酸性粒细胞衍生的神经毒素的单个肽区的一部分，其成熟序列与非分泌性核糖核酸酶相同。2）促进卵母细胞活力的糖胺聚糖：位于闭锁卵泡内的卵母细胞将通过分割而变性，形成几个或多个不含或多个核碎片的“卵裂球”。在体外培养的退化卵母细胞中观察到类似类型的分割。无卵丘卵母细胞更常发生分裂的观察结果表明，卵丘细胞可能产生一种成分， 关于我们 退化的过程。从牛卵泡液（bFF）中分离的糖胺聚糖（GAGs），并添加到悬浮液中，防止自发分割的发生在分离的无卵丘小鼠卵母细胞在剂量依赖性的方式。为了鉴定活性因子，从bFF中纯化了特异性GAG，其保留时间与透明质酸的保留时间几乎一致的组分阻止了节段的发生。4）卵巢血管生成和卵母细胞/卵泡的成熟：在卵巢中，血管在各个卵泡中的分布存在显著差异。表皮生长因子（EGF），诱导毛细血管增生，在体内，被确定在颗粒，卵泡膜和间质细胞，表明EGF参与卵巢的新生血管形成。然而，在卵泡的特定区域，尤其是卵泡膜层，观察到卵巢中的血管生成。因此，我们推测卵巢成分调节卵巢EGF的活性。我们观察到从小鼠卵巢分离的GAG通过与EGF相互作用或复合而有效增强EGF的活性。

1) Polar body formation inhibitory protein : A protein, which inhibits polar body formation, was purified from a urine preparation from pregnant women. Amino terminal sequence analysis showed that residues 5 to 15 of this protein were identical to the residues 1 to 11 of human nonsecretory ribonuclease. Furthermore, residues 1 to 4 of this protein were identical to residues -4 to -1, corresponding to part of a single peptide region of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin, whose mature sequence is identical to nonsecretory ribonuclease.2) Glycosaminoglycans promoting viability of oocytes : OOcytes situated within the atretic follicles will undergo degeneration by segmentation, forming several to many "blastomeres" containing none to multiple nuclear fragments. A similar type of segmentation was observed in degenerating oocytes cultured in vitro. The observation that segmentation occurred more often with cumulus-free oocytes suggests that cumulus cells may produce a component(s) that would dela … More y the degenerative process. Glycosaminoglycans(GAGs) isolated from bovine follicular fluid(bFF) and added to the suspending medium prevented the occurrence of spontaneous segmentation in isolated cumulus-free mouse oocytes in a dose-dependent manner. To identify the active factor, specific GAG was purified from bFF.The fraction with a retention time nearly coincident with that of hyaluronic acid prevented the occurrence of segmentation.4) Ovarian angiogenesis and maturation of oocytes/follicles : In the ovary, there is a striking difference in the distribution of blood vessels to individual follicles. Epidermal growth factor (EGF), which induces capillary proliferation in vivo, was identified in granulosa, thecal and interstitial cells, suggesting that EGF is involved in neovascularization of the ovary. However, angiogenesis in the ovary is observed in specific regions of the follicles, especially the thecal layr. Thus it is surmized that ovarian components modulate the activity of ovarian EGF.We observed that GAGs isolated from mouse ovaries were potent enhancers of the activity of EGF by interacting or complexing with it. Less