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A Study of the Relationship between the International Women's Movement and the British Feminist Movement

国际妇女运动与英国女权运动关系研究

基本信息

批准号：
10610378
负责人：
KAWAMURA Sadae
金额：
$ 1.66万
依托单位：
Kyoto Prefectural University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

From the late nineteenth century to the eve of the World War I, the "first-wave" feminism was formed and developed, not only in the various western countries, but also on the international level, across the nationalities and races. The aim of this three-year research project is to investigate the relationship between British feminism, especially suffragism and two major women's international organizations, the International Council of Women(ICW) and the International Women's Suffrage Alliance(IWSA). Firstly, I reconfirmed that both British national feminist movement and the international women's movement didn't boast of monolithic solidarity, and the latter, through complex processes and after many twists and turns, forged the bonds of international sisterhood. In Britain, women's suffrage organization which during the said period was interested and concerned continuously in women's organizing internationally, was a group of the constitutional suffragists, that is, the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies (NUWSS). But NUWSS was not united, regarding the ideas of feminist international cooperation and had subtle differences within it. M.G.Fawcett, president of NUWSS, remarked for women's internationalism in the places, but actually she seemed to be somewhat unenthusiastic. The reasons of her halfheartedness to ICW and IWSA which I found, are as follows. 1. For her and her followers, the enfranchisement of British women should take precedence over that of any other countries. 2. During the said period, NUWSS emulated WSPU, whose militancy was escalated rapidly. 3. Fawcett didn't like to accept that women's international movement was lead mainly by American suffragists, especially C.C.Cat. 4. After the outbreak of WWI, she was torn between loyalty to patriotism and to women's internationalism.

从世纪末到第一次世界大战前夕，“第一波”女权主义运动不仅在西方各国形成和发展，而且在国际上也跨越了民族和种族。这一为期三年的研究项目的目的是调查英国女权主义，特别是妇女参政权与两个主要的妇女国际组织----国际妇女理事会和国际妇女参政权联盟----之间的关系。首先，我再次肯定了英国民族女权运动和国际妇女运动都不是铁板一块的，后者是经过复杂的过程和曲折，建立起国际姐妹情谊的纽带。在英国，妇女选举权组织是一个立宪选举权论者团体，即全国妇女选举权协会联合会（NUWSS），它在上述时期一直对妇女在国际上的组织感兴趣并不断予以关注。但NUWSS在女性主义国际合作的理念上并不统一，内部也存在着微妙的分歧，NUWSS主席M.G.福塞特虽然为各地的女性国际主义发声，但实际上似乎并不热心。我发现，她对国际妇女理事会和国际妇女事务协会三心二意的原因如下。1.对于她和她的追随者来说，英国妇女的选举权应该优先于任何其他国家。2.在此期间，全国妇女和社会保障协会仿效西斯普联盟，后者的战斗性迅速升级。3.福塞特不愿意接受国际妇女运动主要是由美国妇女参政主义者，特别是C.C. Cat.4领导的观点。第一次世界大战爆发后，她在忠于爱国主义和妇女国际主义之间左右为难。