Inhibitory effects of apple pectin on experimental hepatic metastasis and portal free radical

在各种果胶中，苹果果胶具有抑菌作用，因此可能改变肠道植物群的组成。我们在这里研究了苹果果胶在结肠癌发生中的抑制作用，使用来自苹果的水溶性甲氧基化果胶。饮食中添加20%的苹果果胶显著降低了氧化偶氮甲烷诱导的结肠肿瘤的数量和发病率。20%苹果果胶组大鼠远端结肠粘膜和门静脉血中前列腺素E2水平低于基础饲料组。此外，20%苹果果胶喂养的大鼠显示出甲氨蝶呤诱导的实验性门脉菌血症的发生率显著降低。20%的苹果果胶可显著降低肝转移的发生率。我们研究了苹果果胶的抗肿瘤作用，重点是通过电子自旋捕获技术（ESR）评价其抗氧化活性，其中超氧阴离子自由基和氢氧化物自由基的浓度分别为0.01%和0.01%，其中超氧阴离子自由基和氢氧化物自由基的浓度分别为0.01%和0.01%。 关于我们 羟自由基分别由次黄嘌呤-黄嘌呤氧化酶（HPX-XOD）和硫酸亚铁-过氧化氢（芬顿反应体系）产生。苹果果胶是从苹果中获得的半乳糖醛酸的部分甲氧基化聚合物。在苹果果胶低聚糖的测定系统中，两个自由基的捕获信号变得显着较低的磷酸盐缓冲盐水相比，含有一个，表明苹果果胶低聚糖实际上表现出清除活性。将苹果果胶低聚糖按聚合度分为5个级分，发现聚合度低的级分（pos-S）清除活性强于聚合度高的级分。结论：苹果果胶可能通过调节宿主免疫功能和/或肠道植物群的变化，发挥抗肿瘤作用，预防肿瘤转移和门脉菌血症。膳食纤维如果胶在肠道中作为抗炎物质具有重要功能。评价了补充苹果果胶对抗转移作用的影响。小分子果胶低聚糖对HPX-XOD和芬顿反应体系具有较强的抑制作用。果胶低聚糖具有一定的清除活性，高温下清除活性增强。苹果果胶在肠道消化和门脉循环系统中具有清除剂作用，是一种抗炎食物。果胶等膳食纤维作为抗炎食物在肠道中具有非常重要的作用。少

Among the various kinds of pectin, apple pectin exerts a bacteriostatic action and therefore may change the composition of the intestinal flora. We examined here, the inhibitory effects of apple pectin in colon carcinogenesis using water-soluble methoxylated pectin from apples. Supplementation of the diet with 20% apple pectin significantly decreased the number and incidence of Azoxymethane-induced colonic tumors. Prostaglandin E2 levels in distal colonic mucosa or portal blood from 20% apple pectin fed rats were lower than those in basal diet fed rats. Furthermore, 20 % apple pectin fed rats demonstrated a significantly reduced incidence of experimental portal bacteremia induced by methotrexate. The incidence of hepatic metastasis was significantly reduced with a 20% apple pectin diet.We investigated the action of apple pectin on anticarcinogenesis focusing on the antioxidant activity evaluated by an electron spin trapping technique (ESR) in which the superoxide anion radicals and hyd … More roxyl radicals were generated by hypoxanthin-xanthin oxidase (HPX-XOD) and ferrous sulfate-hydrogen peroxide (Fenton reaction systems), respectively. Apple pectin is a partially methoxylated polymer of galacturonic acid obtained from apple. In the apple pectic oligosaccharide-containing assay system, trapping-signals for both radicals became significantly lower compared with phosphate buffered saline-containing one, indicating that apple pectic oligosaccharide actually exhibited scavenging activity. When apple pectic oligosaccharide was divided into five fractions based on the degree of polymerization, a fraction with a lower polymerization (pos-S) showed a stronger scavenging activity than those with a higher one. Moreover, this activity was enhanced after heating of pos-S (121℃ for 30min ).In conclusion, apple pectin may exert an antitumor effect and prevent cancer metastasis and portal bacteremia by modifying the hosts immune function and/or by altering the intestinal flora. Dietary fibers such as pectin have an important function in the intestinal tract as anti-inflammatory materials. The effect of apple pectin supplementation on anti-metastatic action was evaluated. Pectic oligosaccharides with small molecular weights showed highly inhibitory effects on HPX-XOD and Fenton reaction systems. The scavenging activity of pectic oligosaccharide was suitable and accelerated at high temperatures. Apple pectin has a scavenger effect in the intestinal digestion and portal circulation system as an anti-inflammatory food. Dietary fibers like pectin have very important function in intestinal tract as ant-inflammatory foods. Less