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Study on mindreading mechanism in robot, nonhuman primates and human.

机器人、非人灵长类动物和人类的读心机制研究。

基本信息

批准号：
11610086
负责人：
ITAKURA Shoji
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY (2000)Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences (1999)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In this research project, mechanism of mindreading system was investigated. We added the perspective of cognitive developmental robotics to comparative cognitive science in which usually the subjects were human and nonhuman primates or other animal. At first, we focused on visual attention shift in human infants, human adults, and chimpanzees. The deictic cue such as face like line drawing, photograph of face, was presented on the computer screen or card board and subjects' eye movement was observed. We found that even human infants and chimpanzees showed automatically attention shift as well as human adults. We concluded this kind of basic mechanism underlie in joint visual attention, that is higher order social cognitive ability. We also used "an arrow" as a deictic stimulus, and found it is very effective for visual attention shift. We had an hypothesis that asymmetry stimulus is effective in attention shift, and carried out the experiment. Asymmetry stimuli were seemed to be effective to induce visual attention shift. That is reasonable, because eye movement or orientation of human face are asymmetry. In humanoid robot, we conducted the experiment for imitation of human action.We carried out the experiments from the point of view of understanding of other's knowledge. Participants were 3, 4, 5, and 6-year-olds. Usually 3-year-olds cannot understand the association between seeing and knowing. However, we found that even 3-year-olds understand the person who have a knowledge acquired through the interaction by observing interaction between the experimenters.

本课题对读心系统的作用机制进行了研究。我们在比较认知科学中加入了认知发展机器人的视角，在比较认知科学中，通常的研究对象是人类和非人类灵长类动物或其他动物。首先，我们关注的是人类婴儿、成人和黑猩猩的视觉注意力转移。在电脑屏幕或卡片上显示指示性线索，如面部线条画、面部照片等，观察被试的眼球运动。我们发现，即使是人类婴儿和黑猩猩也会像成年人一样自动地转移注意力。我们认为这种共同视觉注意的基本机制是高阶社会认知能力。我们还使用“箭头”作为指示刺激，发现它对视觉注意力转移非常有效。我们假设不对称刺激在注意力转移中是有效的，并进行了实验。不对称刺激似乎能有效诱导视觉注意转移。这是合理的，因为眼球运动或人脸的方向是不对称的。在人形机器人中，我们进行了模仿人类动作的实验。我们从了解他人知识的角度来进行实验。参与者分别是3岁、4岁、5岁和6岁。通常3岁的孩子无法理解“看”和“知道”之间的联系。然而，通过观察实验者之间的互动，我们发现即使是3岁的孩子也能理解通过互动获得知识的人。