Molecular genetic ecology of the diversity in sika deer populations.

梅花鹿种群多样性的分子遗传生态学。

• 批准号: 11640637
• 负责人: TAMATE Hidetoshi
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: Ishinomaki Senshu University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11640637/
• 关键词: sika deer; population; molecular ecology; microsatellite; genetics; phylogeography; biodiversity; genetic diversity; 集団; 生物多様性

1. Object : To study current genetic diversity of local populations of Japanese sika deer, and to investigate the effect of habitat fragmentation over genetic differentiation, we measured the level of genetic variations among and within populations by DNA analyses. Genetic data were used to assess the level of genetic differentiation among populations and the level of genetic diversity in each population.2. Methods : We collected DNA samples of sika deer at ten localities in Japan : three from Hokkaido, Iwate, Kinkazan, Hyogo, Yamaguchi, Shimane, Tsushima, and Nagasaki. Genetic variations at eight microsatellite loci were detected by GeneScan DNA fragment analysis.3. Results and Discussion : Multiple comparison test revealed that average observed heterozygosity (Ho) in Kinkazan population did not differ from the others except Nagasaki ; Ho in Nagasaki population was significantly (p<0.01) lower than those in Kinkazan, Hyogo, Shimane, Tsushima, and Yamaguchi populations. We also found n … More o significant difference between Ho and average expected heterozygosity (He) in each population. We, therefore, concluded that heterozygosity in small population is not necessarily reduced in comparison with larger populations. The reduction in heterozygosity can not be explained simply by the island effect nor current population size. We detected considerable genetic variations in Kinkazan population. Compulter simulation study demonstrated that heterozygosity in Kinkazan population will decrease rapidly within 20 generation if the population size is constant. However, actual genetic diversity is greater than what expected from the simulation. This suggests that a gene flow within a population would conter the effect of genetic drift in an isolated population. Fst analysis showed that the genetic differentiation among local populations is evident although there are no clear separation between northern and southern mtDNA haplotype groups. The microsatellite markers tested in our study were, therefore, proved to be powerful tools in dissecting population structure of sika deer. Less

1.对象：为了研究日本西卡鹿地方种群的遗传多样性，并探讨生境破碎化对遗传分化的影响，我们通过DNA分析测定了种群间和种群内的遗传变异水平。利用遗传数据分析了居群间的遗传分化水平和各居群的遗传多样性水平.研究方法：我们在日本的十个地方收集了西卡的DNA样本：三个来自北海道、岩手、金刚山、兵库、山口、岛根、对马和长崎。利用GeneScan DNA片段分析技术检测了8个微卫星位点的遗传变异.结果和讨论：多重比较检验表明，除长崎外，金山群体的平均观察杂合度（Ho）与其他群体无显著差异，长崎群体的平均观察杂合度显著低于金山、兵库、岛根、对马和山口群体（p<0.01）。我们还发现， ...更多信息 各群体中Ho与平均期望杂合度（He）之间差异不显著。因此，我们的结论是，在小群体的杂合性不一定减少，在较大的群体相比。杂合性的降低不能简单地用岛屿效应或目前的种群规模来解释。我们在金卡山种群中检测到了相当大的遗传变异。数值模拟研究表明，在种群规模不变的情况下，金刚山种群的杂合度在20代内迅速下降。然而，实际的遗传多样性大于模拟的预期。这表明，一个群体内的基因流动将抵消一个孤立群体中遗传漂变的影响。Fst分析表明，尽管北方和南方线粒体DNA单倍型群之间没有明显的分离，但当地群体之间的遗传分化明显。因此，本研究所用的微卫星标记是分析西卡群体结构的有力工具。少

项目成果

Nagata,J. et al.: "Two genetically distinct lineages of the sika deer, Cercus nippon, in Japanese Islands : Comparison of mitochondrial d-loop region sequences."Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 13. 511-519 (1999)

永田，J.

Iwasita et al.: "Partial nuclear localization of a bovine phosphoprotein,BCNT"Biochem.Biophys.Acta. 1427. 408-416 (1999)

Iwasita 等人：“牛磷蛋白 BCNT 的部分核定位”Biochem.Biophys.Acta。

Nagata et al.: "Two genetically distinct lineages of the sika deer"Mol.Phylogenet.Evol.. 13. 511-519 (1999)

Nagata 等人：“梅花鹿的两个遗传上不同的谱系”Mol.Phylogenet.Evol.. 13. 511-519 (1999)

Tamate, H.B.et al.: "Genetic differentiation among subspecies of the sika deer (Cervus nippon), with special reference to the phylogeny of C.nippon keramae, in the Kerama Island group."TROPICS. 10. 73-78 (2000)

Tamate, H.B.等人：“梅花鹿 (Cervus nippon) 亚种之间的遗传分化，特别是庆良间岛群中 C.nippon keramae 的系统发育。”热带。

Tamate, H.B.et al.: "Genetic variations revealed by microsatellite markers in a small population of the sika deer on Kinkazan Island, northern Japan."Zoological Science. 17. 47-53 (2000)

Tamate, H.B.等人：“微卫星标记揭示了日本北部金华山岛上一小群梅花鹿的遗传变异。”动物学。