Inhibition of Growth on Human Glioma Cells by Estramustiene, Anti-microtubule Agent ; In Vitro Study

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Because microtubules are important components of cell motility and intracellular transport, it is reasonable to propose that an antimicrotubule agent, estramustine's depolymerizing effect on glioma microtubules would modulate cell invasiveness. To determine whether matrix metalloproteinases, key factors in cell invasion, are affected by exposure to estramustine, a cell proliferation assay, a zymogram, a collagenolysis assay, and a haptoinvasion assay were employed in this study. The zymogram revealed that an activated (62kD) form of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 diminished with increasing estramustine concentrations. The collagenolysis assay demonstrated approximately 2.5 to 21 fold lower rates of enzymatic activity suppressed by estramustine in a dose-dependent manner at estramustine concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 μM, compared with the control group. On the haptoinvasion assay, no statistically significant difference was seen in the 0.5 μM estramustine group, while 1 to 10 μM estramustine groups revealed significant suppression of invasion from 6 to 24 hours in a dose-dependent manner. The results suggest that estramustine suppresses the invasion of U87MG cells in vitro by the decreasing available matrix metalloproteinase-2, an affect caused by the disassembly of microtubules. Suppression of the infiltrative capacity of malignant glioma cells could be of significant value in the treatment of this disease.