Time Use of the Participants in Voluntary Activities from the Viewpoint of Home Management

1.通过利用已有的时间预算数据，我发现双职工家庭的已婚人士更多地参与志愿活动，在参与志愿活动方面不存在性别差异，女性更多地参与儿童或残疾人的志愿活动。我对参加志愿活动的人进行了时间预算调查。研究结果表明：(1)女性在志愿活动上花费的时间多于男性。有工作的男性花在志愿活动上的时间较少。单身人士在志愿活动上花费的时间比已婚人士多。(2)在志愿活动的参与者中，性别对家务的影响也存在。已婚女性从事家务劳动的时间较长，承担家务的比例较高。(3)参加志愿活动的男性比不参加志愿活动的男性更多地从事家务劳动。我对志愿活动小组的负责人进行了采访。研究结果如下：(1)志愿活动的可及性在会议时间或志愿活动内容上存在性别差异。(2)一些领导指出男性成员和女性成员的优点或缺点。我得出的结论是，志愿活动的参与者也面临着日本家庭管理中的性别差距问题。他们应该考虑志愿活动和许多其他活动之间的时间使用平衡。

1. By using the existent time budget data, I found that married people in dual earner family participate more in voluntary activities, that there is no gender difference in the participation in voluntary activities and that females participate more in voluntary activities for children or handicapped people.2. I conducted the time budget survey to the participants in voluntary activities. The results are as follows.(1) Females spend more time on voluntary activities than males. Employed males devoted less time to voluntary activities. Single people spend more time on voluntary activities than married people.(2) The effect of gender on the housework is also found in the participants in voluntary activities. Married females have long housework time and take the higher share in housework.(3) The male participants in voluntary activities are engaged in housework more than nonparticipant males.3. I conducted the interview to the leaders of voluntary activity group. The results are as follows.(1) There are gender differences of accessibility to voluntary activities by the timing of meeting or the contents of voluntary activities.(2) Some leaders point out the merits or the demerits of male members and female members.4. I reach the conclusion that the participants in voluntary activities also face the problems of gender gap in home management in Japan. They should consider the balance of time use between voluntary activities and many other activities.