Time Use of the Participants in Voluntary Activities from the Viewpoint of Home Management

1.利用已有的时间预算数据，发现双职工家庭中的已婚者更多地参与志愿活动，参与志愿活动不存在性别差异，女性更多地参与儿童或残疾人志愿活动.对志愿活动参与者进行了时间预算调查。结果如下。(1)女性在志愿活动上花费的时间比男性多。有工作的男性投入志愿活动的时间较少。单身人士比已婚人士花更多的时间在志愿活动上。(2)在志愿活动的参与者中也发现了性别对家务劳动的影响。已婚女性家务劳动时间长，家务劳动比重大。(3)参与志愿活动的男性比不参与志愿活动的男性更多地从事家务劳动.我对志愿者活动小组的领导进行了访谈。结果如下。(1)在参加志愿活动的时间和内容上存在性别差异。(2)一些领导人指出男成员和女成员的优点或缺点。笔者得出的结论是，在日本，志愿活动的参与者也面临着家庭管理中的性别差距问题。它们应考虑在志愿活动和许多其他活动之间平衡使用时间。

1. By using the existent time budget data, I found that married people in dual earner family participate more in voluntary activities, that there is no gender difference in the participation in voluntary activities and that females participate more in voluntary activities for children or handicapped people.2. I conducted the time budget survey to the participants in voluntary activities. The results are as follows.(1) Females spend more time on voluntary activities than males. Employed males devoted less time to voluntary activities. Single people spend more time on voluntary activities than married people.(2) The effect of gender on the housework is also found in the participants in voluntary activities. Married females have long housework time and take the higher share in housework.(3) The male participants in voluntary activities are engaged in housework more than nonparticipant males.3. I conducted the interview to the leaders of voluntary activity group. The results are as follows.(1) There are gender differences of accessibility to voluntary activities by the timing of meeting or the contents of voluntary activities.(2) Some leaders point out the merits or the demerits of male members and female members.4. I reach the conclusion that the participants in voluntary activities also face the problems of gender gap in home management in Japan. They should consider the balance of time use between voluntary activities and many other activities.