TRANSMISSIBLE DISEASES BETWEEN DOMESTIC AND WILD ANIMALS IN AFRICA

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The prevalence of the BHV 1 antigens in cattle was 23.28 % while the mean prevalence of the BHV 1 antibodies was 48.28 %. The prevalence of the Rabies in Zambia was 3-28.8 %, especially in dogs and cattle was 75 % and 13 %, respectively. As the nucleotide sequences of dogs showed 93-99 % homology to wild beasts in Zambia, it was concluded that wild beasts were infected Rabies from dogs. The liver flukes obtained from cattle and Kafue lechwe were identified as Fasciola gigantica with normal spermatogenesis ability. The flukes from cattle showed three different genotypes (A, B and C), but those from lechue did one genotype C. Since phylogenetical tree showed that the genotype C was genetically distinct from the genotypes A and B, the liver flukes of genotype C was considered to be spread to cattle from lechwe. The tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis is present in lechwe showing pathological changes as seen in cattle. The DNA finger printing of the isolates from different localities e … More xhibited genetic similarity suggesting that the same strain is circulating in the lechwe population and probably in cattle causing bovine tuberculosis. Theileria was not found in lechwe from both blood smear samples and PCR analysis, while 7 % samples from cattle were recognized to have rRNA by PCR. Four species of Theileria were detected from cattle and buffalo. Rhodococcus equi isolated from zebra had no pathological marker protein and plasmid. It was suggested the infection circle between domestic horse. Antibodies to influenza A virus were detected 8 % samples of donkeys from Zambia by ELISA. ELISA-positive serum samples were subjected to HI test. Four positive samples inhibited hemagglutination of A/Aichi/2/68 but not of equine isolates. It is known that hemagglutination of avian and equine influenza viruses tend not to be inhibited by their anti-hemagglutinin antibodies. Seroprevalence of BlV in cattle was 12 %. BIV seropositive samples were found to have BIV provirus-DNA by nested PCR. The nucleotide sequences of Zambian BIV isolates showed highly homology to BIV-R29. Less